544 THE INTESTINAL CANAL, BY E. KLEIN AND E. VERSON. 



The epithelium is of the simple columnar variety, and, com- 

 mencing at the border of the cardiac orifice in man, is equally dis- 

 tributed over the whole surface of the stomach. The individual 

 cells form columnar or truncated cones, and in preparations that 

 have been hardened in chromic acid are, over surfaces of con- 

 siderable extent, cup or goblet-shaped. 



The mucous layer of the stomach in the new-born child 

 increases in thickness, though not quite regularly, from the car- 

 dia towards the pylorus ; the tubular glands of the stomach are 

 imbedded in it, in close proximity to one another, separated only 

 by a sparing quantity of tissue. At the cardia the glands com- 

 mence as short indentations of the mucous membrane ; but, 

 rapidly increasing in length, soon form cylindrical tubes opening 

 separately, or by a single wider orifice common to two or even 

 three. The fundus of the tubes is in most instances somewhat 

 club-shaped, and more or less curved or contorted, and at the 

 cardiac and pyloric portions it is divided into two or more 

 smaller cylindrical branches. Commencing from the middle of 

 the larger curvature, and proceeding towards the pylorus, the 

 number of tubes in the fundus which do not present division 

 at their extremities usually progressively predominates over 

 those that are divided. At the pylorus itself, the nearer the 

 point of its transition into the duodenum is approximated, .the 

 greater is the number of the tubes that assume the elongated 

 simple form. 



According to Bischoff,* glands of peculiar form are present in the 

 region of the pylorus ; according to Ecker,f the glands are generally 

 only tubular, except those in the neighbourhood of the pylorus, 

 which are acinous. KollikerJ found in a small zone of the cardia, 

 and in the pale zone of the pylorus, compound tubular, but in the larger 

 middle portion of the stomach, which becomes of a lively red colour 

 during digestion, only simple tubular glands. 



The columnar epithelium is continued into the gland tubes 

 to a variable depth. The glands at the upper border of the 

 cardia are lined throughout with this form of epithelium. At 



* Miiller's Archiv, 1838, p. 513. 



f Zeitschrift fur rationelle Medicin, N. F.. p. 243. 



t Gewebelehre, pp. 400 and 402. 



