324 EXTERNAL GENERATIVE ORGANS, BY E. KLEIN. 



The mucous membrane of the female urethra, like that of the 

 male, exhibits the glands of Littre, which are more abundant 

 near the urethra than in the upper parts. 



The muscular coat consists in general of a continuous longi- 

 tudinal internal layer of unstriated fibres, 1*8 of a millimeter 

 in thickness, and of an external rather stronger circular layer, 

 which is composed internally of smooth and externally of 

 transversely striated fibres (musculus urethralis). The fasciculi 

 of this layer are not nearly so closely applied to one another 

 as are those of the longitudinal muscular layer. 



Here and there is an additional longitudinal layer, having a 

 thickness of 0'2 of a millimeter, in which likewise only smooth 

 muscular fibres are to be found. Externally the musculature 

 is invested by a fascia, having a thickness of almost 0*2 of a 

 millimeter, that is composed of parallel, sinuous, and for the 

 most part circular fasciculi of connective tissue. The internal 

 longitudinal muscular layer is not very sharply defined from 

 the submucous tissue, since on the one hand it gives off small 

 longitudinal fasciculi of smooth muscular fibres into the sub- 

 mucous tissue, whilst on the other hand the venous plexus of 

 this tissue is partially imbedded in the muscularis. The venous 

 plexuses of the submucous tissue, like the plexus vaginalis, are 

 to be enumerated amongst the cavernous tissues. 



In Mammals, the vagina, like that of Man, is destitute of glands. 



The clitoris of many Mammals, like the penis, contains cartila- 

 ginous or osseous plates, and presents the corpuscles of Pacini. 



In Fishes, Amphibia, and Reptiles, no external female organs of 

 generation are known to exist. 



The mucous membrane of the cloaca is lined with ciliated epithelium 

 in the Triton, as well as in some Batrachian Larvae (Salamandra 

 maculata, rana) (Ley dig). 



BIBLIOGRAPHY. 



a. Of THE MALE SEXUAL ORGANS. 



ARNOLD, Phys. ii., Abth. 8, p. 113. 



, Handbuch der Anatomie, Bd. ii., Abth. 1, p. 247. 



BARKOW, Anatom. Untersuchungen iiber die Harnblase. Breslau, 



1858. 

 BECLABD, Elements d'anatomie generale. Paris, 1852. 



