THE SYMPATHETIC SYSTEM OF NERVES. 545 



older inquirers were too much inclined, from seeing cells without 

 processes before their eyes, to draw the conclusion that, however 

 common, the emission of processes was not constant in all 

 ganglion cells. But inasmuch as the processes very easily tear 

 away from the cells in the manipulation requisite to exhibit 

 them, whilst, on the other hand, the larger size of the cells 

 renders their discovery difficult, the conclusion is perhaps jus- 

 tifiable, that in a very large number of cases the supposed 

 absence of processes is due only to the fact that they have been 

 artificially detached. 



Nevertheless I must still maintain with Kolliker, that cells 

 occur in the sympathetic, in which no trace of processes is to 

 be discovered, nor any indications of their having been torn 

 away. 



Moreover, the formerly mentioned cubical cells arranged in 

 longitudinal rows defeat every effort to demonstrate processes 

 in them, as Bidder has recently pointed out. It would appear, 

 however, that these apolar cells are in process of development, 

 and have not commenced to discharge their proper functions. 



Fig. 265. 



Fig. 265. Two cells united by a short bridge. 



The greater number of the sympathetic ganglion cells are 

 undoubtedly multipolar ; the processes they give off run in 

 part into nerve fibres, whilst others simply serve to bring two 

 ganglion cells into communication with each other. In the 

 latter case the processes are usually very short, the anastomosis 

 appearing as a short bridge passing between the cells. Such a 

 connection, however, is but rarely seen, probably in consequence 

 of the injury done to the parts in the act of preparation. 



A division of the processes into the categories established by 

 Deiters, of axis-cylinder processes and ramifying processes, has 



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