GUSTATORY ORGANS OF MAN AND MAMMALS. 5 



papilla. The relations of the nerves found in the papillae to the 

 gustatory apparatus will receive consideration hereafter. 



Papilla fungiformes. The papillae fungiformes, between which and 

 the papillae' circumvallatae are many transitional forms, present 

 also essentially similar structural characters. They, however, do not 

 possess the mantle of gustatory bulbs. On the other hand, Loven 

 discovered gustatory cups in the Calf, distributed on their upper free 

 surface, between the secondary papillae. In the Kabbit and in 

 the Rat he found them upon every papilla fungiformis ; though there 

 was only one in each of the small papillae. Schwalbe doubted at first 

 their presence upon the fungiform papillae, but he subsequently found 

 them (especially in the Pig). I have also seen them in vertical sections 

 of the papillae in the Mouse and Cat. In Man, and in the Dog and 

 Calf, they occur, according to Loven, much more rarely upon the 

 fungiform papillae than in the animals just mentioned. 



The two lateral yustatory oryans of the Rabbit and Hare, to which 

 allusion has just been made, appear, notwithstanding their size, 

 to have escaped observation.* Yet they constitute gustatory organs 



Fig. 271. 



Fig. 271. Transverse section through a few of the gustatory lamellae 

 of the lateral gustatory organ of the Rabbit. Magnified 25 dia- 

 meters. 



of the first rank. Each consists of an oval slightly prominent 

 elevation at the side of the root of the tongue, traversed by from ten 

 to fourteen parallel grooves. In Rabbits, the length of the organ 

 from before backwards is about 5 6, and in breadth from 2*5 3-5 



* They are not mentioned in W. Krause's work on the anatomy of the 

 Rabbit. They were discovered and described, independently of myself, by 

 Hans von Wyss, " On a new Gustatory Organ in the Tongue of the 

 Rabbit." Centralblatt fur die medizinische Wissenschaften, 1869, No. 35, 

 p. 548, and in more detail in the Archiv fur Mikroskopische Anatomie, 

 1870. The account given by v. Wyss is in complete accordance with my 

 own, which last, I may remark incidentally, had already been sent to press 

 in the summer of 1869. 



