194 CATTLE 



paid for either cow or bull, while 18 other animals ranged from 

 $5000 up to $35,000 each, the latter being the price paid for 

 Tenth Duchess of Geneva. The bull Second Duke of Oneida 

 brought $12,000. In 1869 Daniel McMillan sold at Xenia, 

 Ohio, at auction 71 head which averaged $864.61 each, while 

 in 1874 Colonel W. S. King of Minnesota sold in Chicago 

 79 head at an average of $1628 each, the bull Second Duke of 

 Hillhurst selling at $14,000. Between 1870 and 1880 there 

 were sold 26,151 Shorthorns at auction in the United States at 

 an average price of $294 per head. Between 1891 and 1900 

 inclusive the Kansas Board of Agriculture reports 15,741 head 

 sold at auction at an average price of $138.41. One of the most 

 important high-priced sales of recent years was the dispersal 

 sale of the Uppermill Herd of W. S. Marr in Scotland in 1904, 

 when 113 animals brought about $780 each, the bull Bapton 

 Favorite heading the list at ^1200, or $6000. At this same 

 time William Duthie of Collynie, Tarves, near by, sold 18 bull 

 calves at an average of about $1 130 each. 



The geographical distribution of the Shorthorn is most wide- 

 spread, no other breed equaling it in this respect. It is so well 

 suited to a wide range of conditions, and has been so extensively 

 distributed, that it has been termed "the universal intruder." 

 It is generally found in North America ; in South America, more 

 particularly in Argentina ; in Europe, being the most promi- 

 nent breed on the British Isles, although bred to some extent on 

 the Continent ; in Australasia, where it has long met with favor ; 

 and to some extent in South Africa and Asia. In the United 

 States the Shorthorn is the most popular breed of cattle, as 

 attendance at the great shows, especially in the states of the 

 Mississippi Valley north of the Ohio, will demonstrate. The evi- 

 dence of its wide distribution speaks for the adaptability of the 

 breed. However, on the western range, under severe winter 

 conditions, and where u roughing it " is required, the Shorthorn 

 will not thrive quite equal to the Hereford or Galloway. 



Organizations for the promotion of Shorthorn cattle precede 

 all other breeding associations. The first live-stock registry was 

 the Shorthorn herdbook, published by George Coates of York- 

 shire, England, in 1822. This forms the foundation of the English 



