146 CATTLE. 



BONES, FRACTURE OR 



Broken bones should always receive the attention of the 

 veterinary surgeon, unless it is decided to kill the beast at once 

 and before there is any rise of temperature to render the flesh 

 unfit for food. 



Where professional aid cannot be obtained an attempt may 

 be made to set a broken limb if the fracture is a simple one. 



The broken ends are to be brought into apposition and 

 packed with a soft covering that will not afterwards chafe the 

 skin. Tow answers this purpose as well as anything, but any 

 soft old clothing will do. Upon the top of this some firm 

 material must be used. Strips of wood, leather, tin, or other 

 stiff stuff is then bandaged over and kept on by glue, starch, or 

 tarred cord. The limb should be bandaged from the foot 

 upwards, no portion being free from gentle pressure, or trouble- 

 some swelling will take place below the injury. 



Slings do not answer for cattle as they do for horses, and as 

 a rule the former soon learn to get up and down without hurting 

 themselves. 



When a bone is broken there is bleeding from the parts and 

 nature forms a clot or provisional union. Changes take place 

 which convert it into soft grisly material and lastly into bone, 

 but there is always more bony matter produced than is actually 

 required for union, and the projecting ossific matter getting in 

 the way of the tendons is the reason of so much lameness being 

 left after a firm reunion has been made. It is here that 

 EUiman's comes in. Its action is such that the superfluous 

 material is absorbed, and the weakened muscles which have 

 wasted by disuse are restored to their proper functions. 



BRAIN, DISEASES OF. 



7"hese are obscure and call for professional skill, but it is 

 always a safe plan to give an aperient while waiting for advice. 

 {See Staggers, page 170.) 



