CATTLE. i6i 



may be seen every lambing season, when, after castration, some 

 of the lambs lie down in a fainting condition and, presently 

 getting up again, reveal two long strings or cords hanging from 

 the scrotum ; these are plugs formed of blood, and are most 

 effectual in saving the life of the lamb. 



Animals do not all behave in the same manner ; besides, 

 wounds and other injuries causing haemorrhage are of such 

 kinds that, without prompt interference, death would inevitably 

 result. 



What then are the means at our disposal when an accident 

 happens and professional assistance cannot be summoned in 

 time ? 



There is usually cold water to be had, and this is a most 

 powerful astringent when properly applied. Cold water should 

 be thrown over the loins, if bleeding breaks out after the 

 castrator has gone, dashing it against the belly and flank. 

 Cold effusions to the head have a like effect although the injury 

 may not be near it. 



To stop the spurting blood from a severed artery when in 

 the field, appears a difficult matter without any appliances or 

 warning, but there are many things which may be utilised for 

 the purpose. 



A pin run through the skin and some hair taken out of the 

 tail of a horse or cow will serve to make a figure-of-eight compress 

 over the part if the cut vessel cannot be seen, and itself secured, 

 by tying with a hair, or a bandage made of a strip off the lining 

 of one's coat or other garment. A scarf pin, a hair pin, a meat 

 skewer, or a thin stick cut from the hedge, may be utilised to 

 bring together the edges of a gaping wound from which it is 

 feared that an animal may bleed to death. If a stick has to be 

 used, a pocket-knife may be required to pierce the skin with, before 

 introducing it. Haemorrhage from a limb or any part which 

 can be bandaged is easily enough controlled, as pressure will 

 stop bleeding sufficiently until expert assistance can be obtained. 

 Besides the lining of coats and other garments before alluded 

 to, a stocking may be named as likely to prove a serviceable 

 bandage. 



