GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF THE OUANANICHE 113 



rence. Two years after the appearance of Mr. Si- 

 mard's report respecting the existence of the fish in the 

 lakes of the Goynish system, Mr. J. G. A. Creighton' s 

 monograph upon the landlocked salmon was printed in 

 Shields's American Game Fishes. Therein he states : 

 " In some of the rivers of Labrador, which are all sim- 

 ply the connections between and discharges of exten- 

 sive lake systems, I found and identified, in 1889, my 

 well-known friend, the ' wananishe.' " 



It has long been a well-known fact that the ouana- 

 niche existed in the principal tributaries of Lake St. 

 John, as well as in the lake itself and in its discharge, 

 and Mr. Creighton errs in supposing that only a few 

 anglers knew the fish or its habitat until lately. 

 Many Canadian anglers, Quebecers in particular, had 

 fished the Grande Decharge several years ago, but 

 little had been written of the fish in English until Mr. 

 Hallock's description of it in the Fishing Tourist and 

 in his Sportsman's Gazetteer. It is true that Bouchette 

 had described it long before in his standard work upon 

 Canadian topography, and before the date of publica- 

 tion of his book we find official mention of its exist- 

 ence in Lake St. John, in a report addressed to the- 

 Legislative Assembly of Canada, in 1829, by Captain 

 Nixon, an English officer. Mr. Creighton admits, else- 

 where, that the ouanauiche has been well known since 

 the settlement of the Lake St. John region, about 

 1850, and that it was familiar to the Indians and 

 Hudson Bay Company's voyageurs long before- then. 

 As a matter of fact, it must have been known to the 

 Indians for as long a time as Lake St. John itself, and 

 the original French inhabitants of the country were 



