APPENDIX 351 



brown reflecting metallic green ; throat buff ; buff on chest ; under parts 

 white, barred with brown ; tail gray or yellowish brown crossed by 

 black and buff bars ; broad black band near end of tail. Legs feath- 

 ered to middle of tarsus. Bill, maxilla, black ; mandible, horn color. 

 Length, 16 in. ; wing, 7> in. 



Female. Similar ; smaller, with small neck tufts or none at all. 



Hab. Eastern Nova Scotia and Southern Canada ; west to Minne- 

 sota ; south in the mountains to Northern Georgia, Mississippi, and 

 Arkansas. 



(a) Oregon Ruffed Grouse .(Bonasa umbellus sabini). 

 Hab. Coast ranges of Northern California, Oregon, Washington, 

 British Columbia. Intergrades with preceding. Similar in appear- 

 ance and habits. 



(b] Canadian Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus togata}. 

 /fa. The spruce forests of Northern New England, Northern 



New York, and the British Provinces ; west to Oregon, Washington, 

 and British Columbia ; north to James Bay. 



(c) Gray Ruffed Grouse (Bonasa umbellus umbelloides). 



Hab. Rocky Mountain region of the United States and British 

 America, north to Alaska, east to Manitoba. 



Note. The different ruffed grouse all have the same habits, and are so much 

 alike as to be the same when pictured in black and white. The slight color 

 differences are local or climatic, and of no importance. 



8. Dusky Grouse. Dendragapus obscurus. 

 Blue Grouse. 



General color slaty blue ; head dark brown behind, dull rufous on 

 forehead ; throat white mottled with black ; sides of head black ; tail 

 rounded, black and tipped with broad gray band ; legs feathered to the 

 toes ; bill horn color. Length, 20 in. ; wing, 9^ i Weight, about 3 

 pounds (i pound heavier than prairie grouse, sharp-tailed and ruffed 

 grouse). 



Female. Upper parts mottled with black and buff ; throat buff ; 

 under parts slate gray. Length, 17 in. ; wing-, 8^ in. 



Hab. From Central Montana and Southeastern Idaho to New 

 Mexico and Arizona ; eastward to the Black Hills, South Dakota, and 

 westward to East Humboldt Mountains, Nevada. 



