384 APPENDIX 



120. Sora. Porzana Carolina. 

 Carolina Rail. 



Upper plumage olive brown ; base of bill and crown black ; breast, 

 throat, sides of head slate color ; flanks barred with black and white. 

 Length, 8> in. ; wing, 4X in. 



Hab. North America, breeding from Illinois and New York north 

 to Hudson Bay. Wintering in the Gulf States and Northern South 

 America. 



121. Virginia Rail. Rallus virginianus. 



Very similar in color and pattern to King Rail, No. 123. Upper 

 parts reddish brown marked with black ; belly and sides barred with 

 white ; much smaller than king rail. Length, 9 l / 2 in. ; wing, 4^ in. 



Hab. North America, breeding from Illinois and Pennsylvania 

 to Manitoba and Labrador, and wintering from same -States to Cen- 

 tral America. 



122. Clapper Rail. Rallus longirostris crepitans. 

 Salt-water Marsh Hen. 



Upper parts olive gray ; wings and tail brown ; wing coverts pale 

 cinnamon; throat white; sides and belly barred with white. Length, 

 14^ in. ; wing, 5 in. 



Easily distinguished from king rail, since latter is much browner in 

 color. 



Hab. Eastern and Southern States, in salt-water marshes ; breed- 

 ing from Connecticut southward. 



(a) Florida clapper rail. ) Same as 122, from sportsman's point 



(b) Louisiana clapper rail. ) of view. 



123. King Rail. Rallus elegans. 

 Fresh-water Marsh Hen. 



Upper parts brown marked with black ; wings and tail olive brown ; 

 throat white ; belly and sides barred with white ; neck and breast cin- 

 namon. Length, 15 in.; wing, 6^ in. 



Hab. Eastern United States in fresh-water marshes, breeding to 

 Missouri and Connecticut. Wintering from Virginia southward. 

 Strays north to Wisconsin and Maine. 



(a) The Corn-crake. (Crex crex). 



About the size of the king rail, No. 123. General color brownish 

 buff, marked with dark brown or black on back ; sides barred with 



