INDEX. 



1011 



different, 570, 571. Effect of, on elimina- 

 tion of carbonic acid gas from lungs, 845, 

 846. of warm-blooded animals, 888; 

 cold-blooded animals, 888. Daily quan- 

 tity of, 898 ; relation of, to constituents of 

 body, 899. Respiratory, calorific, or heat- 

 forming, 484, 900, 907. Plastic, histogene- 

 tic, or tissue-forming, 484, 900, 907. Waste 

 of, 900. Destination of, 900. Changes of, 

 ultimate, 900 ; intermediate, 902. Nitro- 

 genous, or albuminoid, 482'; in relation to 

 work, 919; destination of, 904, 919. Non- 

 nitrogenous, or hydrocarbons and carbhy- 

 drates, 484 ; in relation to work, 919 ; in re- 

 lation to heat, 918 ; to work, 918 ; necessity 

 for, in work, 928. Kinds of, in relation to 

 heat and work. 918. Value of, as source of 

 motor power, 929. Ingesta and egesta, daily, 

 901. Metamorphosis of, intermediate, 902; 

 ultimate, 900 (see also separate Constituents 

 of Food). Luxus consumption of, 906. Des- 

 tination of, in Herbivora, 906 ; in Carnivora, 

 906. Deprivation of, 908 ; in Animals, 908 ; 

 in Man, 909. is fuel, 913. is ultimate 

 source of force, 913. Liebig's views on, 919 ; 

 opposed, 923. Effects of on animal heat, 

 875 



Foot, adaptation of, to support weight, 169 



Foot pounds, 915 



Foramen ovale, 633, 976 



Foraminifera (see Protozoa) 



Force, formative or organizing, 89, 932. 

 Germ-, 93, 952, 996. Sperm-, 940. Mus- 

 cular-, 133. Nerve-, 232. Vital, 91. 



Forces of Organic World, 910-912. Corre- 

 lation of, 91 1, 932. of Inorganic World, 

 910, 912. Correlation of, 346, 911 



Form in Animals, Laws of, 115 



Formative property of tissues, 89, 946 



Formic acid, 76 



Forms of progression, 165 



Fornix, 242, 964 



Fossa ovalis, 633 



Fovea centralis, 426, 447 



Frankland, on source of motor power, 925 



Friction, sounds of, pleural, 815 ; in heart 

 disease, 657 



Frost-bite, 878 



Functions, Animal, 93, 129. Vegetative, 95. 

 Nutritive, 95. Reproductive, 100 



Galactophorous ducts, 761 



Gall-bladder, 35, 537, 538. in Vertebrata, 

 594. _i n Non-vertebrata, 595 



Galvanoscopic limb of a frog, 231 



Ganglia, 94, 235. of sympathetic system, 

 256 



Ganglion of posterior root of spinal nerve, 253 



Ganglionic corpuscles, 50, 991 



Gangrene, 707, 878, 999 



Gases (see Respiration) 



Gasserian ganglion, 250 



GASTEROPODS. Digestive organs. 590. Diges- 

 tive glands, 581, 594. Circulation, 696. Re- 

 nal organs, 789. Respiration, 866, 870, 871. 

 Touch, 371. Taste, 381. Smell, 392. Hear- 

 ing, 414. Sight, 477. Locomotion, 182, 

 188. Nervous system, 108. 330 



Gastric digestion, 547-554. Glands, 525 ; in 

 animals, 593. 



Gastric juice, 95. Analysis of, 526-530. Ar- 



tificial, 548. Action of, 547. Influence of 

 nervous system on, 526. Quantity, 527, 

 551 ; effect of different stimuli on, 527. 

 Specific gravity. 528. Composition, 528. 

 Source of hydrochloric acid in, 529. Lac- 

 tic acid in, 530. No action on starch or 

 fats, 547. Arrests putrefaction, 552. Pres- 

 ent in duodenum, 561. Influence of sec- 

 tion of vagus on, 526. Action of, on albu- 

 minoid and gelatinoid bodies, 547 



Gelatin, 73, 905. not found in blood, 710. 

 Use of, 710. Metamorphosis of, in bodv, 

 906 



Gemmation, internal, 935 ; or Gemmiparous 

 reproduction, 935 ; in animal cells, 982 



Gemmules, 935 



Generation, 100, 933 (see Reproduction). 

 Spontaneous or equivocal, 933, 941. Al- 

 ternate, 937, 940 



Genetic relations of Animals, 117 



Genetically related different forms, 938 



Germ-cells, 935, 940, 980. sac, 952. 

 force, 93, 952, 996 ; is nutritive force, 701 ; 

 is reparative force, 996 



Germinal matter, 981, 982. cells, 937, 940. 

 centres, 702. sac, 952. vesicle, 



941, 942 ; destination of, 952. spot, 941, 



942. disc, 942, 950. area, 953 

 Gesture, in Animals, 199. In Man, 198 

 Giddiness, 348 



Gigerium, or gizzard, in Birds, 586 



Gills (see Branchiae) 



Gizzard in Birds, 586, 587. in other ani- 

 mals, 589-591 



GLANDS. Forms of, 64 ; simple, 64 ; compound, 

 69. Ductless, vascular, or blood glands, 

 67, 732, 744; spleen, 97, 733, 972; suprarenal 

 bodies, 36, 67, 97, 737, 973 ; thymus gland, 

 67, 97, 740, 982 ; thyroid body, 67, 97, 738, 

 972; pituitary body, 243, 738, 964; closed 

 sacs of alimentary canal, 526, 544, 604 ; in 

 animals, 750. Excreting glands, 98, 751 ; 

 kidneys, 34, 768, 973 ; in animals, 787 ; 

 lungs, 31, 98, 799, 971 ; in animals, 862 ; 

 sudoriferous or sweat glands, 64, 98, 361, 

 962, 994. Secreting glands, in general, 751; 

 Brunner's, 542 ; caudal, of Birds, 791 ; ceru- 

 minous, 393 ; lachrymal, 30, 98, 417; liver, 



35, 95, 531, 744, 972; in animals, *593 ; 

 mammary, 64, 98 ; in animals, 766 ; Mei- 

 bomian, 361, 416 ; mucous, 766 ; pancreas, 



36, 95, 541, 972 ; in animals, 595 ; salivary, 

 31, 95, 521 ; parotid, 31, 521 ; sublingual, 

 30, 522 ; submaxillary, 31, 522; in animal?, 

 581 ; sebaceous, 64, 361, 994; tubular, 64; 

 tubular of stomach or gastric, 524, 525, 604 ; 

 of intestines, or Lieberkiihn's follicles, 542. 



GLANDS, ABSORBENT, 36, 60, 96, 601. Closed 

 glands, 604, 605 ; agminated, or Peyer's, 

 605 ; solitary, 526, 544, 604 ; in Vertebrata, 

 597. Lacteal, 36, 61, 618 ; mesenteric, 602. 

 Lymphatic, 60, 97, 601, 602, 993; in Mam- 

 malia, 630 ; Birds, 630 ; absent in Reptiles, 

 630 ; absent in Amphibia and Fishes, 630 ; 

 absent in Invertebrata, 631 



Gland-cells, office of, 754 



Glenoid cavities, 156 



Glisson, capsule of, 535 



Globulin, 72. Action in coagulation of blood, 

 727. Use of in nutrition, 709 



Glomeruli of Ruysch, 771 



Glosso-pharyngeal nerve, 252, 265, 375 



