10 GENERAL THERAPEUTICS FOR VETERINARIANS 



system of chemiatrics or iatrochemistry, but, as he was strongly 

 under the influence of the spirituahsm of the Arabian school, his 

 ideas in part acquired a mysticism. The scientific foundation of 

 modem therapeutics was laid in the period from the sixteenth to 

 the eighteenth century by exact anatomical, pathological, phys- 

 iological, and clinical-pharmacological investigations. Prominent 

 in this work were Vesalius (1514-1564), Fallopius (1523-1562), 

 Malpighi (1628-1694), the founder of modem anatomy and his- 

 tology; Morgagni (1682-1771), the creatorof pathological anatomy; 

 Harvey (1578-1 657), the discoverer of the circulation of the blood 

 and f ounderof physiology; Ambroise Par^ (1517-1590) , the reformer 

 of surgery, and Sydenham (1624-1689), the master of practical 

 clinical medicine. 



A special position in the modem history of therapeutics is held 

 by Boerhaave (1668-1738), the founder of the modem humoral 

 pathology (haematopathology) ; Brown (1735-1788), the author of 

 Brownianism; Rademacher (1772-1849), the author of the experi- 

 ence or empirical method; Hahnemann (1755-1843), the father of 

 homoeopathy, and also several discoverers of natural healing 

 methods, especially Hufeland (1762-1836), Schonlein (1794-1864), 

 and Priessnitz (1799-1851). 



The history of modern therapeutics in the nineteenth and twen- 

 tieth centuries lacks the prominent, central character of former 

 periods, because it consists of the special history of the several 

 branches into which medicine has been divided. Of general cura- 

 tive methods, only three are of importance: the cellixlar therapy of 

 Virchow, the serum therapy of von Behring, and the chemotherapy 

 of Ehrlich. The first locates the disease and also the healing 

 powers in the cells, the second uses the therapeutic action of the 

 immune bodies of the blood-serum (antitoxins), and the third 

 treats certain infectious diseases (protozoa, trypanosomes, spirilla) 

 with specific chemical substances. 



1. HIPPOCRATES 

 Biographical. — Hippocrates was bom in the year 460 B.C., on 

 the island of Cos, in Asia Minor, the son of Heraclides, one of the 



