DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM 99 



thetics produce first a powerful local irritation and are therefore 

 called ansesthetica dolorosa. 



4. Antispasmodics: potassium bromide, chloral hydrate, mor- 

 phine and the ethereal oils. 



In human medicines there are also other subdivisions; the 

 antodontalgics, or toothache remedies (chloroform, cocaine, adren- 

 alin, dilute carbolic acid, alcohol, brisk embrocations upon the 

 gums and caustics for the dental pulp), the anti-asthmatics, or 

 asthma remedies (chloroform, morphine, amyl nitrite, and lobelia), 

 and the antineuralgics, or neuralgia remedies, (morphine, anti- 

 pyrine, menthol, migrainine, etc.). 



Drugs. — 1. Morphine. This is the chief narcotic in operative 

 surgery in dogs; also, a sedative in all conditions of psychic excita- 

 tion; a local and general anaesthetic in painful conditions, espe- 

 cially colic and cough; a specific antispasmodic in eclampsia of 

 suckling bitches, and an antidote in poisoning by atropine, hyos- 

 cine and strychnine. The dose of morphinae sulphas, subcuta- 

 neously, for coHc in horses is 0.3-0.6, grs. iv to ix; as a narcotic in 

 dogs, 0.02-0.15, grs. J^ to ij. Opium was formerly used instead of 

 morphine. The treatment of colic in horses with large doses of 

 tincture of opium (250, 5viij) did not prove satisfactory in the 

 Berlin clinic. [American veterinarians have found cannabis 

 indica of more value than opium in controlling pain in colic in 

 horses. The fluidextractum cannabis indicae is given by the mouth 

 in doses of 15, 5 ss, repeated every half hour, or in single doses of 

 4, 3i, intravenously.] Several derivatives of opium and mor- 

 phine: codeine, heroin, dionine, peronine, etc., are recommended 

 as hypnotics and sedatives. 



2. Potassii bromidum. Potassium bromide is a specific 

 against epilepsy, epileptiform convulsions, tetanus, strychnine 

 poisoning and eclampsia; sedative in all conditions of excitation 

 of the brain, in nymphomania, cough and palpitation of the 

 heart. Single doses for horses and cattle, 20-100, 3v to giij; 

 sheep and swine, 2-5, grs. xxx to 5i; dogs, 0.25-2, grs. iij to xxx; 

 cats, 0.25-0.5, grs. iij to vij; fowl, 0.1-0.2, grs. iss to iij. 



3. Chloroformum. A valuable narcotic in operations on horses; 



