DISINFECTANTS. ANTISEPTICS 213 



Zinci chloridum. Chloride of zinc is a caustic, alterative anti- 

 septic (2 to 8 per cent, solution) of relatively weak disinfection 

 power (a regulator of abnormal granulations). 



Potassii permanganas. Permanganate of potassium is a mild 

 antiseptic; specific against snake bites and rabies virus. 



Camphora. Camphor is a powerful antiseptic, especially for 

 *' flabby" granulations and phlegmonous, ulcerative and necrotic 

 processes (camphor spirit bandage). Oleixm terebinthinae, tere- 

 binthina (old hoof remedy), thjrmol, oleum eucalypti, balsamum 

 peruvianum and other ethereal oils act in the same manner. 



Pix liquida. Tar. An excellent antiseptic, especially for 

 wounds on the hoof and claws; wood tar is better than coal tar. 



Liquor chlori compositus. Chlorine water. A strong antiseptic; 

 specific against rabies virus and snakebites; used in ophthalmology. 



*Pyoctanin. A powerful antiseptic. Disadvantage: blue stain. 



4. INTERNAL ANTISEPTICS 



A number of infectious diseases may be effectively combated 

 by the internal use of antiseptics. The antiseptics used for this 

 purpose include some of the specifics : salicylic acid, the principal 

 remedy in acute articular rheumatism; quinine, the specific for 

 malaria; mercury, salvarsan and iodine as specifics for syphilis 

 of man, salvarsan and atoxyl as specifics against trypanosomes and 

 spirilla, and salvarsan in contagious pneumonia of horses ("Ther- 

 apia sterilisans magna ") ; also creolin, which is very effective against 

 anthrax in cattle and horses; creosote, as an internal remedy in 

 tuberculosis; calomel, salicyclic acid, bismuth salts, tannin and 

 boric acid as intestinal disinfectants in dysentery, influenza, 

 canine distemper, swine erysipelas, fowl cholera and mycotic and 

 infectious inflammations of the intestines; and tar and oil of 

 turpentine in infectious and parasitic affections (lung worm dis- 

 ease) of the respiratory tract. Infectious materials in the blood 

 are also destroyed through serum therapy (see the chapter on 

 protective vaccination and methods of iromunization). In internal 

 antisepsis, even more than with external antisepsis, care must 

 be taken to avoid a general poisoning of the body. 



