46 OBSTETRICAL AXATOMV. 



SJieejJ and Goat. 



In the Sheep and Goat the disposition of the uterus is similar to that 

 of the Cow. The cornua are relatively longer, more tortuous and 

 pendant, and expand more gradually from the termination of the 

 oviducts ; while the longitudinal rugte in the body and cervix are dis- 

 posed in a series of transverse folds in the latter, which gives them the 

 appearance of so many ora tinea. The cotyledons we have mentioned 

 already ; they are concave, or cupuliform, in their centre in these 

 animals. 



Pig. 



In the Pig the uterine cornua are long and tortuous, and float among 

 the intestines, which they resemble ; the body of the uterus is very 

 short, and the numerous irregular ridges on the inner surface of the 

 cornua gradually subside towards the cervix, where they form two or 

 three series of thick, soft rugte. The os uteri is marked by a series of 

 narrow, close-set, longitudinal laminye, but there is no labial or valvular 

 projection into the vagina ; so that there is no exact limit between the 

 two cavities. The broad ligaments resemble the mesentery. The 

 utricular glands divide repeatedly in the deeper parts of the mucosa, as 

 in the Mare. 



Bitch and Cat. 



In the Bitch and Cat the cornua are also very long, slender, straight, 

 and slightly compressed, with a number of flat eminences on their inner 

 surface. They extend to the lumbar region, and unite externally for 

 nearly two inches before they join the corjnis uteri. The interior of the 

 latter shows a few smooth longitudinal rugae, and the os uteri is a 

 smooth, thick, and even prominence, larger almost than the body of the 

 uterus, which is short. It projects very markedly into the vagina. The 

 utricular glands are pyrifomn ; the round ligaments escape from the 

 abdomen by the inguinal rings. 



Development. 



In the foetus and the adult animal which has not been fecundated, 

 the uterus is comparatively small, narrow, and insignificant ; but it 

 increases in volume with age after the venereal desires become manifest. 

 In a Calf a little more than a month old, the total length from the vulva 

 to the extremity of the cornua was about ten inches, of which the 

 vagina formed about five-eighths. In the Lamb the uterus and vagina 

 only measure about six inches in length. From this period until the 

 animal is capable of breeding, the uterus receives so little blood that it 

 may be removed without much risk. 



During gestation the uterus acquires a great volume, and its cavity, 

 usually less than that of the vagina, is considerably increased, its shape 

 then bearing some resemblance to one of the large intestines. The 

 cornua vary in size, according to the dimensions and species of the 

 difl'erent animals. In those which are uniparous (one foetus), as the 

 Mare and Cow, they are short ; but in those which are multiparous 

 (more than one foetus)^ they are long in proportion to the number of 



^ In order to avoid confusion in the employment of terms, and also on the score of 

 convenience, it may be as well to ob-erve here that Kniparoax animals are those which 

 generally produce only one at a birth ; inultijiafoiis, those which bring forth more than 

 <iiie ; primip%rouA, those which produce young for the first time ; and pluri parous, 

 those which have bred more thaa once. 



