170 PATHOLOdY i>F PRFJJXAXCY. 



Demoussy speaks of a M. Maillard, a wealthy farmer and breeder of horses, who had 

 occasion to observe a similar occurrence. 



In the Journal Viterinaire Pratique for 1826, there is an account of a ^Slare which, 

 covered on the same day by a male Ass and Stallion, brought forth in eleven months a 

 well-formed, though weak, Mule-foal, and a full developed, but dead, Horse-foal. In the 

 same journal for 1836, there is another case of this kind recorded. A Mare had been 

 put to an Ass Stallion at St. Maixent, and was shut up in an enclosed space ; into this, 

 however, a Horse Stallion, two years old, broke, and covered this animal several times in 

 the course of the same day. The Mare obstinately refused to be covered when afterward* 

 put to the Horse, according to custom. At the usual period of parturition it produced 

 two Foals, one evidently belonging to the Equine species, and the other a well-characterized 

 Mule. These two young creatures, when three months old, were presented to M. de- 

 Vaublanc ; they were then being suckled by the Mare, and were in perfect health. The 

 fact was verified by the Mayor of the Commune, and communicated to the administration 

 of the Stallion depot of St. Maixent. 



In Moll and Gayot's " Connaissance General du Cheval," Ayrault states that in Poitou, 

 France, a Mare was put to a Stallion Ass on March 7, ISoo, and on the 28th, being still 

 " in season," was put to a Horse. The following year, during the night of April 14-15, 

 this Mare produced a Colt-foal at eight o'clock, and a Filly-mule at eleven o'clock ; so 

 that the oldest foetus was born three hours after the youngest. 



In the Journal dfs Veterinairts du Midi for 1859, Dr. Chabaud relates that in the 

 Commune of Verniolle (Ariege), a Mare was put to a Stallion Ass. As oestrum con- 

 tinued, it was put to a Stallion fifteen days afterwards. Nothing unusual occurred during 

 gestation, and when parturition took place, a fine healthy Foal was born, and after ten 

 minutes' straining, to the astonishment of the owner, a good well-formed Mule. The 

 Mare suckled the two, and they did well. 



In the Journal des Vete'rinaires du Midi for 1864, M. Gilis gives a similar account of 

 a Mare that had been covered by a Stallion, then some minutes afterwards by an Ass, and 

 in twelve months had two Foals, perfect in their conformation — one, a Mule, died soon 

 after birth, and the other, a Horse-foal, did well. 



Lanzillotti-Buonsanti mentions a Mare which, on March 28, 18.t1, was put to an 

 English Stallion, and on April 5 to a Barb ; on February 28. 1852, it produced two Foals, 

 each resembling one of the Stallions. Lessona speaks of a Mare which was put to a Horse 

 in 1852, and sixteen days afterwards to a Persian Stallion ; at eight months' pregnancy it 

 dropped a Horse-foal, and in two hours after a Mule-foal.' 



In the Veterinarian (vol. xxx., p. 78), Mr. Evans refers to a Mare which was put- 

 three times to the Horse, about six weeks intervening between each time. Two months- 

 prior to the ordinary period of parturition from the last coitu?, two Foals were pro- 

 duced, one alive and full grown, the other so immature that it died immediately. 

 The same journal (vol. xxxix., p. 444) contains another instance, in which a Mare was- 

 put to a Cart-Horse on May 20, but showing symptoms of cestrum subsequently, was 

 again put to him on June 19. At the commencement of the following April two- 

 foetuses were born, each being in a different stage of development, and one of them 

 apparently a month older than the other. The same Mare had aborted the previous- 

 year. 



In the Mimoires of the Veterinary Society of Calvados, vol. ii., M. Lemaitre 

 describes the case of a Alare which aborted on December 2, and in the following June 

 brought forth a Foal which continued to live. Trelut, in the Journal de>< Veterinaire-s- 

 du Midi for 1844, mentions a Mare, eleven years old, which was put to the Horse on 

 April 23, on the 4th, 6th, and 25th of May, and again on June 5, 1845. In December 

 this Mare received some kicks on the belly and flank iroai a Horse, but this did not impair 

 her health. On March 1 it slipped up, and on the 15th it aborted two Foals without 



^ All these instances are paralleled in the human female, by various authorities. 

 Buffon, quoted by Fodere and Churchill, mentions a woman at Charleston, South Caro- 

 lina, who, in 1714, was delivered of twins within a very short time of each other, the one 

 being blaok, the other white. On examination the woman confessed that on a certain 

 day, immediately after her husband had left her, a negro entered her room, and, by 

 threatening to murder her in case of refusal, obtained connection with her. Dr. Moseley 

 alludes to the case of a negro woman who brought forth two children at a birth, both of a 

 size, one of which was a negro and the other a mulatto. On being interrogated upon 

 the cause of their dissimilitude, she said she perfectly well knew the cause of it, which, 

 was that a white man belonging to the estate came to her hut one morning before she 

 was up, and she suffered his embraces almost instantly after her black husband had 

 quitted her. Similar illustrations are quoted by De Bouillon, Trotti, Guerarde, Delmas,. 

 Dunglison, and others. 



