ACCIDENTS OF rREdXASCV. TlTt 



the membranes have not been discharged — which is most frequently 

 the case — they sliould be removed as early as possible, and not allowed 

 to putrefy ; their removal should be effected by the hand, and a weak 

 solution of carbolic acid, corrosive sublimate, perman^'anati; of potas- 

 sium, or salicylic acid ought to be injected into the vagina and uterus, a 

 o per cent, solution of carbolic acid being employed to sponge about the 

 vulva, over the tail and down the back part of the thighs. The mem- 

 branes themselves must bo destroyed or buried, and the Cow should 

 not be allowed to go near others whicli are pregnant so long as there is 

 any discharge jD(;r vu'.vavi: for safety, the period of isolation should 

 extend at least to from eight to fifteen days. The animal may require 

 good nursing in the meantime ; and it should not be put to the male 

 until every trace of irritation in the generative organs has disappeared. 



If Cows show any symptoms of impending abortion, they ought to be 

 promptly removed from the vicinity of others which are in calf. 



When this accident continues in a stable or shed, Saint-Cyr thinks it 

 necessary to recommend disposal of all the Cows therein ; and before 

 introducing others into it, to thoroughly cleanse and disinfect it by 

 removing all excreta; renewing the soil or flooring, washing and scraping 

 the mangers, racks, and walls and woodwork, making more air-aper- 

 tures if necessary, and leaving it empty, with the doors and windows 

 open, for a month or six weeks. 



In sheds where abortion among Cows is frequent, Nocard recom- 

 mends the following preventive measures : 1. Once a week the cow- 

 sheds are to be well cleansed, particularly behind the Cows, and then 

 sprinkled with a strong solution of sulphate of copper, or of carbolic acid 

 — one part to fifty of water. i2. The tail, anus, vulva, and thence down- 

 wards to the hoofs of the hind limbs of every Cow inhabiting these 

 infected sheds, to be sponged daily with the following preparation — 



Distilled or rain water - - 2 gallons. 

 Hydrochloric acid - - - ~h ounces. 

 Corrosive sublimate - - 2i drachms. 



These ingredients to be thoroughly mixed ; and as the preparation is 

 poisonous to man and beast, care must be taken. 



This precautionary treatment, wherever adopted, has been found 

 successful — another proof of the infectious nature of this kind of abor- 

 tion ; though, as Nocard remarks, in some instances the accident does 

 not wholly cease during the first calving seasou, but it always does so 

 in the second season. 



With regard to infectious abortion in the Mare, similar measures to 

 those recommended for this accident in the Bovine species should bo 

 enforced. In Montana, U.S.A., those prescribed wei'e as follows : 

 1. If the Mare aborted in an open paddock or pasture, the f(ctus and 

 ftrtal membranes were to be burned, and the animal taken to a stable 

 or small lot, where she could be easily treated. 2. If she was removed 

 to a stable, this had to be apart from any other stable containing 

 pregnant animals, and not on high gi-ound from which the urine would 

 run on to other parts frequented by pregnant Mares ; if removed to a 

 small lot, this had to be low, or situated so that the drainage from it 

 might not be a source of danger. 3. When Mares have aborted and 

 are not doing well, their external genitals should be thoroughly cleansed 

 with a solution of corrosive sublimate (1 to 1,000 of water) ; the tail 

 itself was to be thoroughly washed with the same, and, if in fly-time, 



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