344 MATERXAL DYSTOKIA. 



borders. The other cornu was in the abdomen, and contained two 

 voluminous foetuses, the expulsion of which was hindered by a half- 

 twist at its base near the pelvic inlet — the torsion being from left to 

 right. 



Macgillivrayi alludes to a case in a small terrier Bitch, which he put 

 under chloroform and secured the Puppies one by one by means 

 of Breulet's apparatus ; one of these and the parent survived. 



Guillebeau- had also a case of a Bitch which expelled two decom- 

 posed Puppies after a dose of ergotine, but after suffering for ten days 

 she died. The left cornu was found to be strangulated by having 

 become twisted completely round, involving the broad ligament as well. 

 Beyond this twist were two emphysematous foetuses ; and behind it 

 the uterus was much atrophied and its canal entirely obliterated ; so 

 that it would have been impossible to extract the foetuses by this 

 way. . ^. 



Vivier^ and Violet'* each give an instance of this accident in the 

 pregnant Cat, death resulting in both cases. 



CHAPTEE III. 

 Dystokia from Morbid Alterations in the Generative Organs. 



roLLOwiNG the arrangement adopted by Saint-Cyr, we will in this 

 chapter study the obstacles to parturition which are due to (1) Tumours 

 developed in, or in the vicinity of, the genital organs of the female ; (2) 

 Hernia of the bladder ; (3) Bigidity of the cervix uteri ; (4) Morbid de- 

 generations of the cervix uteri ; and (5) Obliteration of the os uteri. 



1. Utero-Vaginal Tumours. 



The tumours met with in the vagina and uterus differ much with 

 regard to their nature, origin, structure, and influence on the act of 

 parturition. Sometimes they are contained in the interior of the genital 

 organs — in the uterus or its cornua or cervix, and on the walls of the 

 vagina, as well as on the labia of the vulva ; at other times they have 

 their seat in the neighbouring parts or organs — in the bladder, rectum, 

 or pelvic connective tissue. They may be constituted by degeneration 

 or displacement of these parts, or by heteroplastic products developed 

 there. 



Their volume, form, and consistence are very diverse ; and they may 

 either adhere closely or loosely to the adjacent parts, being fixed in the 

 one case and movable in the other. Some are attached or implanted 

 by wide bases, others are pediculated or retained by a more or less 

 narrow pedicle. 



Tumours of the soft parturient passages are rather rare in the 

 domesticated animals, and their occurrence has been frequently brought 

 under observation. The first instance is probably that recorded by 

 Jeani'oy, in 1828.^ Since that period a number of cases have been 



^ Veterinary Journal, 1888, p. 153. 



" Archives Viterinai^-e, 1882, p. 361. 



3 Had., 1876, p. 424. 



* Saint-Cyr's Traite Obstetrique V4teri7iaire, p. 497. 



•' Becneil de Med. Veterinaire, 1828, p. 639. 



