MAM Mir IS on MASTITIS. 679 



lower; the swelling is a?deniatous, " pitting" deeply on pressure; but 

 it is hot, intlammatory, very painful, and extends beyond the gland — 

 at times towards the vulva and umbilicus or sternum with the Mare 

 and Ewe. Beneath the ojdematory tumefaction the gland texture can 

 be felt hard, dense, and nodulated in places ; while the skin is red, 

 tense and shining, and extremely painful to the touch. This painfulness 

 causes the animal, at other times quiet and docile, to be irritable and 

 fidgety, and averse to have the part touched, either for examination or 

 milking. Progression, or even standing, is painful, the animal being 

 evidently afraid of the hind-hmbs coming in contact with the gland ; so 

 that it either stands or walks with them wide apart, especially on the 

 affected side of the gland. The creature, for the same x-eason, seldom 

 if ever lies down ; when it does so, it is on the side on which the gland 

 is least affected. There is often much restlessness and anxiety, and 

 the Mare may show symptoms of colic. The seci-etion of milk suddenly 

 ceases, and pressure on the teat only causes a small quantity of 

 reddish-coloured grumous fluid to How. 



All these symptoms may become aggravated in four, six, or eight 

 days, when the malady may terminate by resolution, suppuration, gan- 

 grene, or induration, according to circumstances. 



Parenchi/inatoits via77nnitis, or inflammation of the proper glandular 

 and connective-tissue structures of the udder, is not, as a rule, so acute 

 in its manifestations as the preceding, nor yet does it differ materially 

 from it, so far as the general symptoms are concerned. The appetite is 

 diminished, but not altogether suspended ; there is much thirst, and 

 rumination is irregular ; the physiognomy betrays suffering, though not 

 of a very acute kind ; the pulse is full and quick, respiration short and 

 hurried, and constipation is frequently present, while the urine is less 

 abundant and dark ; the temperature of the body surface is variable, 

 and the mutHe hot and dry ; there are rigors, and muscular twitchings 

 or tremblings, particularly towards the shoulders and Hanks. The 

 conjunctivae are injected, the skin more sensitive than usual, and the 

 Cow manifests pain when the loins are pressed upon ; with the Mare 

 the loins appear to be stiff and sore. There also appears to be lame- 

 ness of the hind-limb of tlie affected side, due to the cause before men- 

 tioned ; and when more than one quarter is attacked, the Cow seldom 

 lies down. 



The swelling of the gland is very hard and hot, but not ctdematous, 

 as in the other forms, while the skin preserves somewhat of its natural 

 hue, and is not thickened ; the subcutaneous veins are much distended 

 over the whole surface of the gland. The intense hardness of the in- 

 flamed mass is very characteristic, and is noted throughout the whole 

 mannnio ; though it is always greater on one side than another, and 

 sometimes only in one quarter — most frequently a posterior one in the 

 Cow, both mammo! in the Mare. When the inflammation is intense, 

 and has commenced in a particular part of the gland, it generally 

 spreads rapidly until the whole quarter, frequently the whole of the 

 udder, is involved. 



From the commencement the secretion of milk is almost, if not quite 

 suspended in the diseased gland, and much dimmished in the others, 

 mulsion only yielding a very small quantity of a red clotted fluid, mixed 

 with blood ; in very acute cases almost blood alone may escape. In 

 other cases the fluid is composed of transuded serum, and small pieces 

 of coagulated casein. In a short time this fluid becomes of a purulent 



