71S DISEASES AXD ABXOIUIALITIES OF THE YOUXG AXIMAL. 



Franck states that a five per cent, solution of carbolic acid may be 

 passed in this way into the abdominal portion of the vein of small 

 Calves ; this vessel can be penetrated to a distance of nearly ten inches. 

 He does not approve of injecting the solution, because of the danger of 

 injuring the portal vein. 



If suppuration is superficial, the same lotions may be used, or the 

 part may be cauterised with solid nitrate of silver. 



When the inflammation is very intense, several authorities recommend 

 recourse to vesicating agents; others employ ammoniacal liniment, and 

 Eueff advocates tartarised antimony ointment. 



When there is danger of general infection, or this has already 

 occurred, then the internal administration of antiseptic agents must be 

 resorted to. Franck recommends salicylate of soda in doses of about 

 one gramme every hour. Carbolic acid, sulphite of soda, quinine, or 

 other agents of this class, may also be given with advantage. 



Constipation may be averted by castor-oil or a suitable diet — skimmed 

 milk alternately with new milk. Preparations of iron may also be 

 administered ; and if the young creature is still at the teat, its dam 

 should be well fed. 



Franck notes that, during the course of omphalitis, the most serious 

 complication is inflammation of the umbilical artery, the existence of 

 which can generally only be detected on the post mortem examination 

 of an animal which has died, or been killed because of the disease. 

 This complication is more frequent in the Foal than the Calf, probably 

 because the vessel is torn at the umbilical ring in the first, and in the 

 abdomen in the second. The peripheral portion is thickened and 

 contains a reddish-coloured thrombus, or it is filled with a puriform 

 breaking-up mass, and often the vessel is surrounded by, or imbedded 

 in, an abscess ; a sharp line of demarcation separates the inflamed from 

 the health V portion. General infection or pytemia rapidly follows 

 umbilical arteritis. 



CHAPTEE VII. 

 Arthritis. 



Disease of the joints of young animals, occurring soon after birth, has 

 been for a long time recorded in districts or regions where breeding is 

 largely carried on; the animals affected belonging to the Equine, Bovine, 

 and Ovine species — much less frequently are Dogs and Pigs attacked. 

 In France it is usually known as the " x\rthrite " or " Paralysie des 

 Jeunes Animaux," in Germany as the " Fohlenlahme," " Kalbliihme," 

 and " Liimmerliihme " ; and in this country — where it has evidently 

 been but little studied, it has been popularly known as " Joint III," and 

 technically as "Scrofulous Disease of the Joints," or "Specific" or 

 " Constitutional Synovitis." 



The disease was first described, we believe, by Brugnone -^ then it 

 was noticed by Eoupp,- Lecoq in 1828, Strauss-' in 1831, Benard* in 



1 Traltato clelJe Bazzf de' Cavalli. Turin, 1781. 

 - Recueil dt Mn/cci)!,; Vt'ttrinaire, 1S25. 

 ' Darr-fucht der Fohlen. Vienna. 1831. 

 ** Rtcue'd de Alidtrint Vtterinaire, 1832. 



