A HISTORY OF DURHAM 



administrative counties. The Local Government Act of 1 894 enacts that where a civil parish is partly 

 in a rural district and partly in an urban district each part shall become a separate civil parish ; and 

 also that where a civil parish is situated in more than one urban district each part shall become a 

 separate civil parish, unless the county council otherwise direct. Meanwhile, the ecclesiastical parishes 

 had been altered and new ones created under entirely different Acts, which cannot be entered into 

 here, as the table treats of the ancient parishes in their civil aspect. 



POPULATION 



The first census of England was taken in 1 80 1 , and was very little more than a counting of the 

 population in each parish (or place), excluding all persons, such as soldiers, sailors, &c., who formed 

 no part of its ordinary population. It was the de facto population (i.e. the population actually 

 resident at a particular time) and not the de jure (i.e. the population really belonging to any par- 

 ticular place at a particular time). This principle has been sustained throughout the censuses. 



The Army at home (including militia), the men of the Royal Navy ashore, and the registered 

 seamen ashore were not included in the population of the places where they happened to be, at the 

 time of the census, until 1841. The men of the Royal Navy and other persons on board vessels (naval 

 or mercantile) in home ports were first included in the population of those places in 1851. Others 

 temporarily present, such as gipsies, persons in barges, &c. were included in 1841 and perhaps earlier. 



GENERAL 



Up to and including 1831 the returns were mainly made by the overseers of the poor, and 

 more than one day was allowed for the enumeration, but the 1841-1901 returns were made under 

 the superintendence of the registration officers and the enumeration was to be completed in one day. 

 The Householder's Schedule was first used in 1841. The exact dates of the censuses are as follows : 



10 March, 1 80 1 30 May, 1831 8 April, 1 86 1 6 April, 1891 



27 May, 1811 7 June, 1841 3 April, 1871 i April, 1901 



28 May, 1821 31 March, 1851 4 April, 1881 



NOTES EXPLANATORY OF THE TABLE 



This table gives the population of the ancient county and arranges the parishes, &c. under the 

 hundred or other sub-division to which they belong, but there is no doubt that the constitution of 

 hundreds, &c. was in some cases doubtful. 



In the main the table follows the arrangement in the 1841 census volume. 



The table gives the population and area of each parish, &c. as it existed in 1 801, as far as possible. 



The areas are those supplied by the Ordnance Survey Department, except in the case of those 

 marked ' e,' which are only estimates. The area includes inland water (if any), but not tidal water 

 or foreshore. 



t after the name of a civil parish indicates that the parish was affected by the operation of the 

 Divided Parishes Acts, but the Registrar-General failed to obtain particulars of every such change. 

 The changes which escaped notification were, however, probably small in area and with little, if any, 

 population. Considerable difficulty was experienced both in 1891 and 1901 in tracing the results 

 of changes effected in civil parishes under the provisions of these Acts ; by the Registrar-General's 

 courtesy, however, reference has been permitted to certain records of formerly detached parts of parishes, 

 which has made it possible approximately to ascertain the population in 1901 of parishes as constituted 

 prior to such alterations, though the figures in many instances must be regarded as partly estimates. 



* after the name of a parish (or place) indicates that such parish (or place) contains a union 

 workhouse which was in use in (or before) 1851 and was still in use in 1901. 



J after the name of a parish (or place) indicates that the ecclesiastical parish of the same name 

 at the 1901 census is coextensive with such parish (or place). 



o in the table indicates that there is no population on the area in question. 



in the table indicates that no population can be ascertained. 



The word 'chapelry ' seems often to have been used as an equivalent for 'township 'in 1841, 

 which census volume has been adopted as the standard for names and descriptions of areas. 



The figures in italics in the table relate to the area and population of such sub-divisions of 

 ancient parishes as chapelries, townships, and hamlets. 



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