INDUSTRIES 



the Main Coal Seam and finished sinking opera- 

 tions on 25 November, 1831. 



Commenced on 24 March to sink the Engine 

 Pit at Saint Helen's Auckland Colliery from 

 surface to the Brockwell Seam. 



The Flushie Mere No. 2 Lead Mine Shaft 

 in the township of Forest and Frith was sunk 

 from the surface down to the Great Limestone. 



Boring operations were in progress in the vi- 

 cinity of Shildon Lodge, on the estate of Robert 

 Surtees, esq. 



The Dor Whitfield Pit, Penshaw Colliery, was 

 commenced on 30 October, and sunk from the 

 surface to the Hutton Seam. 



The Shildon Engine Pit, near Durham, was 

 sunk from the surface to the Maudlin Coal, here 

 lying immediately below the Main Coal Seam. 



1831. Commenced to sink the Engine Pit, 

 South Helton Colliery, I March, from the sur- 

 face to the Hutton Seam. 



The Lord Lambton and Lady Alice Pits sunk 

 at Littletown from the surface to the Hutton 

 Seam. 



Sunk the Emma Pit, Saint Helen's Auckland 

 Colliery, from the surface to the Yard Coal or 

 Harvey Seam. 



Commenced to sink the New Winning at El- 

 don or South Durham Colliery, December ; put 

 down a little way below the Main Coal Seam. 



The Engine Pit, Haswell Colliery, was com- 

 menced on 28 February and got down through 

 54 ft. of sand, when the pit was lost. 



A sinking was put down from the surface at 

 Shildon by Robert Surtees, esq., to a thin seam 

 about 26 fathoms below surface, the colliery 

 and coal being known as Royal Shildon Wallsend. 



A new pit was sunk at Urpeth Colliery by 

 William Coulson, about 700 yds. north of the 

 Engine Pit, and put down from the surface to 

 the Hutton Seam. 



The new D Pit, Penshaw Colliery, was com- 

 menced and sunk from the surface to the Hutton 

 Seam. 



1832. A sinking was made below the Main 

 Coal Seam in the Corving Pit, Witton Park 

 Colliery ; no workable seams met with. 



Commenced to sink at Thrushwood near 

 Evenwood. 



The Water Pit, Beamish Colliery, was com- 

 menced on 7 February. 



1833. The Engine Pit, Littletown Colliery, 

 was sunk from surface to the Hutton Seam. 



Boring operations from surface by George 

 Rawlings Maddison were in progress in the 

 vicinity of Evenwood and at Crook Hall, and a 

 boring was put down from the surface (but near 

 a drift working the Yard Coal Seam) at Storey 

 Lodge, in the township of Evenwood, proving 

 the Five Quarter and Main Coal Seams. 



New Engine Pit was commenced at Haswell 

 Colliery in July, and sunk down to the Hutton 

 Seam ; bored further to below the Beaumont 

 Seam in 1840. 



1834. Borings were put down below the 

 Hutton Seam at Beamish South Moor Colliery 

 Second Pit, from the surface at Corie, proving the 

 Low Main Seam, and at the bottom of the old pit 

 at Witton Park Colliery, below the thill of the 

 Brockwell Seam, by Sir William Chaytor, bart. 

 This hole proved two thin workable coal seams 

 hereabouts. 



A staple was sunk from the Bensham Seam to 

 the Hutton Seam in the Manor Wallsend Col- 

 liery. 



Boring operations were commenced at Brus- 

 selton, also on Little Chilton estate, and to sup- 

 posed Low Main Seam at Cornforth. 



The Providence Pit at Gordon Gill, in the 

 township of Barony, was sunk. 



Deanery Colliery, near Bishop Auckland, began 

 to sink on 4 February, and was put down to 

 Five Quarter Seam. 



1835. Commenced on 2 June to sink the 

 North or Engine Pit, Woodhouse Close Colliery 

 (in the township of St. Andrew's Auckland), from 

 the surface to the Main Coal Seam. 



The Stella Freehold Pit, on the south side of 

 the Ninety Fathom Dyke, was sunk from the 

 surface to the Brockwell Seam. 



Boring operations were started from the sur- 

 face at Thrislington, proving down to the Bottom 

 Hutton Seam. 



Commenced on 26 March to sink the Cathe- 

 rine Pit, St. Helen's Colliery, Auckland, from the 

 surface to the Main Coal or Brockwell Seam. 



Boring operations commenced in the vicinity 

 of Ferryhill. 



Copy Crooks Colliery, near Bishop Auckland, 

 was sunk from the surface to the Main Coal or 

 Brockwell Seam. 



The East and West Pits, Sherburn Hill 

 Colliery, were sunk from the surface to the 

 Hutton Seam. 



The first cargo of coal was shipped from the 

 Bensham Seam, Monkwearmouth Colliery, on 

 14 June. This seam was met with 1,590 ft. 

 below the surface, and the workings were gradu- 

 ally developed till a yearly produce of 40,000 or 

 50,000 tons was obtained, the winding engine 

 of 66 h.-p., aided by a heavy counter-balance, 

 being able to raise about 300 tons in twelve 

 hours. But in 1836 the current expenditure 

 considerably exceeded the amount received for 

 coal ; in 1837 the colliery was exempted by an 

 arbitrator from the payment of poor rates on 

 account of its unprofitable condition, and several 

 experienced viewers gave it as their opinion that 

 the undertaking never had been, and was not 

 then, of any value to let. A better day, how- 

 ever, soon began to dawn for it ; the superior 



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