178 DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT 



The most common causes of lung fever, as it is termed, 

 are, exposing the animal while warm to a cold wind, or 

 becoming chilled from driving fast against a cold wind, 

 washing with cold water immediately after exercise, changes 

 irom heat to cold, or from cold to heat, removing from a 

 warm to a cold, or from a cold to a warm stable, or cold 

 applied to the surface of a heated animal, by which the 

 blood is driven from the skin and extremities to the internal 

 organs, or any cause by which the circulation is obstructed 

 and deranged, may excite any of these forms of inflamma- 

 tion and congestion. 



When the pleuro (a watery or fine membrane covering 

 the external surface of the lungs, and lining membrane of 

 the cavity of the chest) is inflamed, the disease is called 

 pleurisy. 



When the inflammation is located in the lungs, it is called 

 pneumonia, or inflammation of the lungs. When the ac- 

 tion of the capillaries is greatly lessened from their being 

 weakened, or the blood being so forced through them that 

 they are obstructed and clogged, the difficulty is called con- 

 gestion of the lungs. 



There cannot be inflammation of a part without there 

 being more or less inflammation of the other parts surround- 

 ing, and there cannot be inflammation without congestion, 

 as there is always more or less obstruction of the circulation 

 where there is inflammation. 



PLEURISY 



may be sudden or gradual in its attack, the horse showing 

 indisposition sometimes for days previous. The horse will 

 be dull and heavy in action for a day or two, unwilling to 

 lie down, pulse not much disturbed, or there is a chill, or 

 slavering fit, which lasts from one to three hours, when 

 fever sets in ; breathing at flanks a little accelerated, coun- 

 tenance is anxious, the head is sometimes turned towards 

 the side, does not lie down. As the disease advances the 

 symptoms become more marked. The ears and legs become 

 cold; the pulse, from being a little accelerated, grows 

 quicker, hard and full; the head is hung forward, stands' 

 up persistently, breathing hurried, the membrane of the 

 nose and eyes red. Turning the horse round, or hitting 

 against the chest, back of the shoulder, will cause a kind 

 5? grunt. 



