DISEASES AND THEIR TREATMENT. 225 



little behind where the sub-maxiliary artery and vein come 

 from the under jaw. Pass the finger down the jaw, up near 

 the neck on the inner edge, and you will feel a cord-like 

 ridge, and upon quietly but firmly pressing it you will feel 

 it throb or beat. Each contraction of the heart forces a 

 jet of blood through the arteries throughout the system. 

 The arteries are strong elastic tubes, which expand as the 

 blood is forced through them, but contract again as soon 

 as the volume of blood passes, forming a beat which can 

 be plainly felt under the finger at this point. It is highly 

 important to understand the condition of the circulation 

 to treat diseases, especially of an acute character, success- 

 fully. 



Frequent reference is made to the state of the pulse in 

 different diseases, such as colic, pneumonia, laminitis, &c., 

 &c. Hence it should be studied carefully. For example, 

 during the early stage of colic, the pulse will be hardly af- 

 fected, and the ears and legs will be" natural in tempera- 

 ture ; while in inflammation of the bowels the pulse will be 

 quick and wiry, ears and legs cold, &c. In fever it is 

 quick, wiry and light, indicating the extreme or not of ob- 

 struction in the circulation. 



BLEEDING. 



For general bleeding the jugular vein is selected. The 

 horse is blindfolded, or his head turned away; the hair is 

 smoothed along the course of the vein with a moistened 



Raising the Vein. 



