Examples of Pupils' Work 163 



The prothorax or fore part of the chest is a large horny 

 collar, saddle-shaped, which carries the first pair of legs. 



The front pair being shorter than the others, hinders 

 him in walking on a level surface but helps him in walking 

 up a tree or small plant or wall. 



The in eso thorax or middle part carries the second pair 

 of legs and fore wings, which are longer, narrower, and 

 thicker than the other two. 



The metathorax or hind ring of the chest bears the hind 

 wings and legs which are twice as long as the others. The 

 thigh or upper part is very long and strong. By means of 

 these big legs the grasshopper is a famous jumper. The 

 hind wings are most active in flight; they are broad, thin, 

 and membranous, being folded up like a fan when at rest, 

 and tucked away out of sight under the fore wings, which 

 act as wing covers. 



7. The wings are simple expansions of the skin, or 

 crust, being composed of two delicate films of the epidermis, 

 stretched upon a network of tubes or trachae. Where 

 the wings join the grasshopper's body you will find the 

 drum-plate used in stridulation. The wings are used by 

 muscles inside the thorax. 



8. The six legs of the grasshopper, like those of all 

 insects, have five parts. At the end of the big thigh we 

 find the two strong hooks, coxa and trochanter. This is 

 the hip to which the leg is inserted. The thigh is the 

 femur; the shank, tibia; and tarsus is the foot. The 

 tarsus is usually sub-divided into five joints and pair of 

 claws. 



