252 ELECTRIC LIGHTING. 



and tarred canvas, they are protected by well-fitted drain- 

 pipes. There are openings in front of each lamp-post, and 

 in these are made the connections between the wires of each 

 lamp and those of the circuit. Of course the seven wires are 

 only between the commutator and the candles ; everywhere 

 else there are only two for each set of four lamps. 



It appears that the two machines require 36 horse-power 

 in order to light 32 lamps on each side of the street, that is, 

 every lamp requires 1*12 H.P. ; but it should be noticed that 

 in this estimate the power needed to overcome the resistance 

 of the conductors is included, and that this must be conside- 

 rable is obvious from the fact that for the most distant con- 

 ductors it is nearly 1,000 metres of wire. 



Jablochkoff asserts that each of the lamps represents from 

 2 5 to 30 gas-jets; but F. Leblanc declares that it does not 

 exceed 12 jets, and it is on this estimate that the last contract 

 between the Jablochkoff Company and the city of Paris is 

 based. We must, however, bear in mind that nearly 45 per 

 cent, of the light is absorbed by the enamelled glass globes; 

 so that it is possible that each light represents 50 or 60 Carcel 

 lamps according to Jablochkoff, or 22 to 24 such lamps ac- 

 cording to Leblanc. According to the original agreement 

 between the city of Paris and the Jablochkoff Company, the 

 cost to the city was six times that of gas. It is now much 

 reduced, and unless the company is a loser by the new agree- 

 ment it has entered into with the city of Paris, the cost may 

 be said to be nearly that of gas, for it is only one-fourth as 

 much as under the first agreement. 



The debates in the Municipal Council on the renewal of 

 their agreement may illustrate the cost of maintaining this 

 system of lighting. The illumination of the Avenue del 1 Opera, 

 together with that of the Place deV Opera, the Place du Theatre 

 Fran^ais, and the faade of the Corps Legislalif, originally cost 

 i franc 25 centimes for each lamp 'per hour. No\v accor- 

 ding to Mallet, 68 gas-jets may be had for this sum, and thus 

 electric lighting would be at a disadvantage in tiie propor- 



