f s 



HISTORY AND PROGRESS. 65 



selves, and grant its use to others in this country. On the 

 company's line between Birmingham and London, on which 

 messages and press matter are constantly passing to and fro 

 with the aid of this apparatus, the average speed, as stated 

 by the company, is forty messages per hour, and is believed 

 to be capable of considerable augmentation when the 

 employes have had more practice. The company intend 

 introducing this system on all their lines, and have reason- 

 able hopes of its ultimate success. In France the system is 

 gaining daily a wider employment ; in Russia and Germany 

 the administrations of telegraph are likewise disposed to 

 adopt it. 



The following is a fac-simile of the printing : 



BY HUCHES'S TELEGRAPH INSTRUMENT, 



52. Brfyuefs Electro- Magnetic Dial Instrument. The prin- 

 ciple of Breguet's apparatus is that of alternately making 

 and breaking at the transmitting station, the circuit of a 

 voltaic battery. At the receiving station is an electro- 

 magnet, whose armature is correspondingly attracted and let 

 go. The armature acts on a pallet, which interposes itself 

 between the teeth of two scape-wheels turned by clockwork. 

 The apparatus consists of three parts : 



The transmitter, 



The receiving instrument, and 



The alarum. 



The transmitter is shown in Fig. 33. It consists of a 

 metal dial, supported by three pillars on a wooden base. The 

 whole dial is divided into twenty-six equal sections, separated 

 by two circles. In the inner circle are engraved twenty-five 

 letters of the alphabet and a +, and in the outer circle, the 

 numbers from 1 to 25, and a +. Opposite each letter, on 

 the periphery of the dial-plate, is an indentation for drop- 

 ping the handle into. Underneath the dial-plate is a disc, G, 

 with a serpentine groove on its underside, turning on the 



