406 THE ELECTRIC TELEGRAPH. 



r being the measurement by A, and r 1 that by B, when the 

 opposite end is to earth ; and 



5) . . l=x+y 



I being the resistance of the copper of the complete cable 

 before the fault occurred. 



With the equations 1, 2, and 5, the values of x, y> and z 

 are as follows, in units of resistance : 



_ E B' I 



2 h 2 



E' - K I 



or, when a knot length of the conductor has an average resist- 

 ance of n units, these equations expressed in knots L x and 

 L are 



L R/ ~ R + l 



With the aid of equations 3, 4, and 5 we obtain the values 

 of x, y, and z, as follows : 



rg-fOp /r'(l-r}-\ 



r-r 1 L 1 - V r(l-r')J 



_r'(l-r)r /r(l-r 



y- r >- r L 1 ~V 7(1 -^T 



and in knots, 



. = !^=!iri- A A2HZ'n 



y n(r'-r)L V 7(1-^0 J 



