216 



GENERAL BOTANY 



Plant and animal breeding. Another important field for re- 

 search and experiment, closely allied, as already indicated, to the 

 modern studies being made in genetics and heredity, is plant and 

 animal breeding. This attempt to produce new and better forms 

 of plant and animal life for man's use has followed closely upon 

 the generalizations of Darwin, Mendel, and De Vries concerning 

 the nature of evolution, variation, and heredity. 



The field of biology is thus an ever-widening one, in which 

 the purely scientific and theoretical studies of the scientist are 

 being constantly applied to arts and professions which are imme- 

 diately concerned with the welfare and progress of society. 



The following table will help the student to comprehend 

 clearly the scope of biology as outlined above and to understand 

 the interrelations of its various branches and applications. 



Botany : 

 Science of 

 plants 



BIOLOGY 4 



Zoology : 

 Science of 

 animals 



Morphology : 

 Science of 

 form and 

 structure 



' Embryology : Science of develop- 

 ment 

 Anatomy : Gross structure 



Tissue and cell struc- 



Morphological 

 and physio- - 

 logical 



Histology 

 ture 



Cytology : Structure of the cell 



Classification : Grouping based 

 on relationship 



Distribution 



Ecology : Adaptation to environ- 

 ment 



Evolution : Origin of species by 

 gradual accumulated variation, 

 or change 



Genetics : Experimental evolu- 

 tion and heredity 

 ^ Physiology : Science of function and behavior 



Applied and Indus- 

 trial Biology 



Breeding *| 



Pathology / Plant and animal 



Agriculture ") 



^ f Economic and industrial 



t orestry J 



Horticulture "1 



Medicine [ Arts and professions related to biology 



Sanitation 



