JAPETIC STOCK. 257 



Shoulouh, the Kabyles, and the Tuaryk. The Berber language is spoken, 

 according to M. Venture, from the mountains of Souse, which border the 

 Atlantic Ocean, to those of the Olleletys, which rise above the plains of 

 Kairoan, in the kingdom of Tunis. The same idiom, with a slight dif- 

 ference, is likewise spoken in the Isle of Girbeh, at Monastyr, and in the 

 greater number of villages spread through the Sahara ; and, among others, 

 in those of the tribe of the Beni-Mozab. The tribes have different 

 names : those of the mountains belonging to Morocco are termed Shou- 

 louhs ; those who inhabit the plains of the empire, dwelling under tents, 

 in the manner of the Arabs, are named Berbers ; and those of the moun- 

 tains belonging to Algiers and Tunis call themselves Cabaylis, or 

 Gebalis. It is the opinion of Mr. Hodgson, and Dr. Prichard assents to 

 it, that the Berber language was learned by the Phoenicians, and spoken 

 by them, in addition to the Punic, their mother tongue ; and that it is 

 from this circumstance that Virgil terms them " Tyrii bilingues,"* the 

 secondary meaning of the word, " bilingues" (deceitful), aptly coinciding 

 with its primary and literal signification. 



The Berbers of the higher Atlas are an athletic, hardy race, with 

 strongly-marked features ; they shave the fore part of the head, but suffer 

 the hair to grow from the crown as far behind as the neck : their dress is 

 a woollen garment, without sleeves, belted round the waist ; they lead an 

 independent life, in their mountain villages, where they feed cattle, and 

 occupy themselves with the chase. The Shuluh, or Shoulouh, of the 

 southern parts of Morocco, resemble them in manners : they speak a 

 dialect of the Berber idiom, which they term Amazigh. The Kabyles, 

 or Quabaily, who occupy the hills of the lesser Atlas, also speak the 

 Berber, and are said to be a hardy, industrious people, tilling the ground, 

 and working in the mines. To the south of Tunis and Algiers, the 

 country of the Gsetuli, four Berber tribes are said to exist, named, accord- 

 ing to Mr. Hodgson, Mozabies, Biscaries, Wadriagans, and Wurgelans. 

 The Tuaryk tribes are widely spread through the Desert of Sahara, where 

 they exist as a nomadic people, distinct, however, from the nomades of 

 Arabian origin. It is to M. Hornemann that the discovery of this wan- 

 dering race is owing : their language, as Mr. Hodgson states, is pure 

 Berber, differing from that of the Berbers of Atlas only in a slight accent. 

 The Tibboos, another wandering people, occupy the desert to the east 

 and south of Fezzan ; but their language is said to differ radically from 

 that of the Tuaryks. 



The Tuaryks vary in complexion from white to black ; and a similar 

 difference exists among the Kabyles of the Tunisan country. Hornemann 



sembling those to whom it rightly belonged, as a proper name, in the same way as we use the term 

 Goth, or Turk? 



* " Quippue domum timet ambiguam, Tyriosque bilingues." 



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