OCCIDENTAL STOCK. 329 



of the mummy, as far as it is possible to form a judgment, very closely 

 resembles the latter, excepting that its vertical elevation is much more 

 considerable. 



In the nations of South America generally, and particularly among the 

 Brazilians, Von Spix and Martius, the German naturalists, traced a great 

 resemblance to the Chinese, the physical characters of each closely 

 approximating. They observed, however, that the figure of the Chinese is 

 more slender ; the forehead is broader ; the lips are thinner ; and the features, 

 in general, are more delicate and mild than those of the American, who lives 

 in the woods : nevertheless, the small head, not oblong, as in Europeans, 

 but of a roundish contour, angular, and rather pointed, with the crown 

 broad ; the frontal sinuses strongly marked ; the forehead low ; the 

 cheek-bones pointed and prominent ; the oblique position of the small 

 narrow eyes ; the blunt, proportionately 'small, broad flat nose ; the thin- 

 ness of the hair on the chin and other parts of the body ; the long, smooth, 

 black hair of the head ; the yellowish, or bright reddish tint of the skin, 

 are all characteristics common to both races. In both, also, a mistrustful, 

 cunning, and, as it is said, a thievish disposition, are to be detected. 



On comparing the Mongole physiognomy with the American, traces of 

 the series of developments may be perceived, through which the eastern 

 Asiatic had to pass, under the influence, as these writers suppose, of 

 climate,* in order, at length, to be transformed into an American. These 

 anthropological investigations, it is added, lead to the important result, 

 that certain characteristics, which constitute the principal difference of 

 races, do not easily pass into others ; while those of simple degree 

 gradually vanish or degenerate. The same writers describe the Puris, 

 Coropos, and Coroados, as having an extraordinary mutual resemblance 

 in make and countenance ; the features of individuals, probably from 

 want of civilization, partaking more of one general model than is now the 

 case in the other tribes. The Indians are of short or middle stature ; the 

 men from four to five feet high, and the women a little above four : all are 

 of a robust, broad, compact make. It is very seldom that persons of a 

 taller and more slender shape are seen among them. The breast is broad ; 

 the neck is short and thick ; the female breast is not so pendent as in the 

 Negresses ; the abdomen is very prominent ; the extremities are short ; 

 and the legs are far from being robust, the calves, in particular, being thin, 

 but the arms round and muscular ; the foot is narrow behind, and very 

 broad before, having the great toe parted from the others : the hands are 

 almost always cold, and the fingers are proportionably thin ; the nails are 

 very short : the hue of the skin is of a copper-colour, differing a little in 

 depth, according to the age, occupation, and health of the individual. Infants 



* That forms or modes of development are occasioned by climate. that climate can render the 

 Greek a Mongole, or the Mongole an American, may well be questioned. 



VOL.1. 2U 



