MONKEYS OF THE OLD WORLD. 351 



individuals may be tolerated, or even admired, for their beauty, or con- 

 sidered philosophically interesting from their intelligence, the whole of 

 them are, still, repulsive and obnoxious. 



The voices of the Simiadae are very various, in the several groups ; 

 and different tones are uttered by each species, under the excitement of 

 different passions. Moaning, whining, a hoarse, guttural barking, squeak- 

 ing, screaming, and chattering, are heard, by turns, wherever these ani- 

 mals are congregated, according as they are influenced by grief, pain, 

 love, or anger. Of all the passions, anger, or rage, is that expressed with 

 the utmost intensity, both in look and gesture. Some, when irritated, 

 pout the lips, gaze with a fixed and savage glare on their foe, and make 

 repeated short starts, or abrupt movements of the body, as if about to 

 spring forward, uttering, at the same time, inward guttural sounds, ex- 

 pressive of malevolence. Many display their anger by suddenly ad- 

 vancing, making abrupt starts, at the same time opening the mouth, and 

 pursing up the lips, so as to conceal the teeth, while the eyes are daringly 

 fixed on the enemy, as if in savage defiance. Some, again, and princi- 

 pally the long-tailed Monkeys, or Guenons, display their teeth, and ac- 

 company their malicious grins with a sharp, abrupt, reiterated cry, or 

 chattering; while others, as the larger Baboons, jabber, by rapidly 

 moving the under lip, uttering no other sound than that which the lip 

 itself makes, in striking against the gums and teeth. 



In their native woods, the Simiadae are all diurnal. With the first 

 beams of the sun they emerge from their retreats, and, active, lively, 

 and chattering, begin their search for food : it is then that the troops, 

 haunting woods which skirt the cultivated grounds reclaimed by human 

 industry from the wilderness, visit the garden and the plantation, and 

 commit their depredations. They are now all alert ; but, as the oppres- 

 sive heat of the day comes on, lulling into unbroken silence the thickly- 

 peopled forests of the torrid zone when the busy, feathered tribes have 

 sought a shelter from the sun's fierce glare, and when the murmur of 

 the insects has ceased then do these lively beings retire to take their 

 siesta in the shady recesses of the wood, or in the rifts and chasms of 

 the rock, till the meridian heat be past ; at which period they resume 

 their activity, and again venture forth in quest of food : but when the 

 shadows of evening commence, and the Leopard and the Tiger rouse 

 from their lair, they betake themselves to their leafy fastnesses till 

 the dawn of morning. 



Endowed with quick sight, and acute hearing, and vigilant in the 

 extreme, they are not to be surprised without difficulty ; nor is it easy 

 to lure them into traps. Most that are taken alive, and brought to 

 Europe, are the young, or nurslings, of parents shot by the bow or 

 rifle : such is the way in which the young Chimpanzees and Orangs, 



