SIMIAD^E. 369 



one inch and one-eighth long, by one inch in 'the broadest part. If 

 the skull is shorter than in the female, it is greatly deeper from the vertex 

 to the base of the lower jaw, being six inches thus measured ; in the 

 female, not above five. From the shortness of the muzzle, the form of 

 the lower jaw is materially affected ; the posterior ascending branch, 

 instead of sloping backward, rises up perpendicularly from the angle, and 

 is of great breadth, measuring two inches across ; and the articulating 

 condyle rises higher than the coronoid process, which advances rather 

 forward ; the lower margin of the ramus, from the posterior angle to the 

 symphisis of the chin, is concave, instead of convex ; and the distance 

 between the posterior angles, owing to the breadth of the skull, is very 

 considerable ; the osseous palate is remarkably flat, the alveolar margin 

 scarcely rising, except at the posterior molars : the texture of the whole 

 skull is dense and solid, and all trace of sutures is obliterated ; the 

 breadth of the skull, from one auditory foramen to the opposite, is five 

 inches ; the length of the skull, from the glabella to the occiput, five 

 inches and a quarter ; the total length, from the front teeth to the occiput, 

 seven inches and one-third ; the orbits, one inch and a half in diameter ; 

 the vertex rises, at its highest part, three-quarters of an inch above the plane 

 of the supra-orbital ridge ; the length of the osseous palate is two inches 

 and two-thirds, its breadth, between the posterior molars, being one inch 

 and a half; from the angle of the lower jaw to the articulating condyle 

 the distance is three inches (in the female, two inches and a quarter) ; the 

 length of the lower jaw, from the alveolar margin of the incisor teeth to 

 the angle, is four inches and three quarters ; the distance, from angle to 

 angle of the lower jaw, three inches and two lines. 



The incisor teeth have their depth, from front to back, far greater 

 than their breadth, and are much worn. 



The bones of the rest of the skeleton agree, in their form and mea- 

 surement, with those of the female Chimpanzee described by Professor 

 Owen. 



It has been stated, by Tyson, that the os hyoides both of the Chim- 

 panzee and Orang resemble the same bone in the human subject; but, 

 with respect to the os hyoides in the Chimpanzee, that it differs in having 

 the cornua minora more developed, and the body of the bone expanded 

 into a triangular form, and hollowed out posteriorly for the reception of 

 a laryngal sacculus. In the Orang the os hyoides has a broader body, and 

 shorter cornua, than in the human subject; but the body is not concave 

 posteriorly, as in the Chimpanzee. 



It may not be out of place here to offer a few general observations on 

 the skeleton of the Chimpanzee, the most man-like in its form of all the 

 Simiadae ; and to contrast with it that of the Orang, its Indian representa- 

 tive. The general differences will be at once perceived by a comparison 



VOL I. 3B 



