SIMIAD^E. 375 



Morrou, which titles are given to it, also, by Dapper,* in his Description 

 of Africa. The latter name is adopted by Tulpius, who also terms it the 

 " Satyre of Angola;" but he confounded the Orang-outan of India with it. 

 (See his figure and description in Obs. Medic. 1. iii. cap. Ivi.) The same 

 animal, which was brought from Borneo, and presented to Frederic 

 Henry, Prince of Orange, and died in 1777, was also described by Vos- 

 maer in 1776. 



Linnaeus, who appears to have given credit to the exaggerated accounts 

 of the travellers alluded to, introduced an imaginary being half Man, 

 half Ape into his Sy sterna Naturae, under the title of Troglodytes, Homo 

 nocturnus (Linn. Syst. Nat. 1766, 12th ed.) ; which Gmelin, in his edi- 

 tion, 1788, sunk into Simia Troglodytes. 



Edwards, in his Gleanings, plate 213, figures an animal which he 

 terms, Man of the Woods, Wild Man, Pigmy, Orang-outang, Chimpan- 

 zee, &c..; this figure is accompanied by the sketch of a head in profile, 

 which, short as are the arms in the figure, proves the animal in question 

 to have been the Orang of the Indian Islands. He says, indeed, it is 

 the same as Tyson's ; but it must not be forgotten, that the distinctions 

 between the Indian and African species were not then (1757) ascertained. 



Buffon, who adopted the terms Pongo and Jocko (from Pongo and 

 Inchego, or Engeco, or Enjocko), in vol. xiv. of his great work (1756), 

 gives a sketch, in many respects very erroneous, of a living Chimpan- 

 zee which he saw at Paris in the year 1 740, and which died, the following 

 year, at London. After being opened, it was sent back to Paris in spirits 

 of wine, and placed in the Museum. It was taken in Gaboon, on the 

 coast of Angola, and was larger than that described by Tyson, in 1699, 

 being two feet four or five inches high, while Tyson's specimen scarcely 

 exceeded two feet. At that time Buffon was not aware of any distinc- 

 tions between the African and Indian species ; in his Supplement, how- 

 ever (Supp. vii.), he clearly distinguishes between the two ; and even notices 

 the absence of the last joint of the thumb of the foot (which is a com- 

 mon occurrence) in the one from India. To the African animal, or Chim- 

 panzee, he applies the term Pongo, and regards the Indian species as the 

 Jocko ; a confusion in nomenclature, rather than in facts : at all events, 

 the term Pongo, to whichever species it of right belongs, is now, by 

 common consent, appropriated to the Indian Orang. f Following Buffon, 



* " Description de I'Afrique, traduite du Flamand, d' O. Dapper, D.M. a Amsterdam," 1686. 



" On y trouve de trois sortes de singes, et il y en a d'une certaine espece qu'on nomme Bans, 

 qu'on .prend etant petits, qu'on eleve, et qu'on apprivoise si bien, qu'ils rend presque autant des ser- 

 vices qu'un esclave," p. 249. " On trouve dans les bois une espece de Satyre, que les Negres appel- 

 lent Quojas-Morrou, et, les Portugais, Salvage. Us ont la tete grosse, le corps gros et pesant, les 

 bras nerveux, &c." p. 257. 



t Buffon's figure of the Orang-outan, Supp. vii. pi. i. is altogether fictitious, and unworthy of 

 our notice. 



