446 QUA DRUM AN A. 



neous ideas, cannot be altered ; and it is worse than useless to attempt 

 its restriction. In the present instance, it is incumbent on the naturalist 

 to guard against the mistake, into which many have fallen, of conceiving 

 that all the Old World Simiadae with long tails, that is, Monkeys, con- 

 stitute a group per se, separate from the Baboons, on the one side, and 

 from the tail-less Apes on the other. The fact is, that two genera, from 

 among the Monkeys alone, form a distinct group, founded upon characters 

 of the utmost importance, and influencing alike the nature of their regi- 

 men, their habits, and manners ; while the rest of the genera pass by so 

 gradual a transition into that of the Baboons, that it is impossible to point 

 out a line of demarcation between them. All have the stomach and 

 teeth of the same structural type ; the tail, ever variable, is long in some, 

 moderate in others, and in several very short ; the muzzle varies in 

 its degree of elongation, and its form, from the Cercopithecus, through 

 the Macaques, to the rib-nosed Baboon. In these points, however, we 

 behold only variations of degree, connected, no doubt, with certain modi- 

 fications of habits and manners, though not important structural changes, 

 necessarily influencing the whole economy. 



The present group, or sub-family, consists of Monkeys having a 

 complex, highly sacculated stomach, with a long intestinal canal, a slender 

 form of body, and elongated extremities. Two genera exhibit these cha- 

 racters ; viz., Semnopithecus, peculiar to India and its islands ; and, as 

 we have every reason to believe, Colobus, peculiar to Africa. 



GENUS. SEMNOPITHECUS. 

 Semnopithecus F. CUVIER. 



GENERIC CHARACTERS. MUZZLE depressed; HEAD round; SUPERCI- 

 LIARY RIDGE prominent, and with a row of long, stiff hairs projecting 

 forward, and slightly upward ; MOLARS crowned with obtuse tuber- 

 cles ; the last molar of the lower jaw with a fifth tubercle, seated 

 posteriorly ; CHEEK-POUCHES wanting ; LARYNGAL SAC large ; ISCHI- 

 ATIC TUBEROSITIES moderate ; BODY slender ; LIMBS long ; the thumb 

 of the hand small, and short ; STOMACH large, and highly sacculated ; 

 INTESTINES long ; TAIL slender and elongated ; FUR soft, flowing, and 

 often glossy. 



COUNTRY. India and its islands, and the Malay Peninsula. 



When Fred. Cuvier established the genus Semnopithecus, he was not 

 aware of the complex structure of the stomach, but he drew his distin- 

 guishing characters from external form alone : anatomy has confirmed the 

 justice of his views ; and if the data, upon which the genus now rests, 



