VERTEBRATA 187 



and convoluted, but does not cover the cerebellum. The 

 skull is enormous, the size arising in great measure from 

 the development of air cavities between the inner and 

 outer plates. The nose is prolonged into a flexible 

 trunk, which is a strong and delicate organ of prehen- 

 sion. There are four massive limbs, each with five toes 

 incased in broad, shallow hoofs, and also with a thick, 



FIG. 174. Stag, or red deer (Cervus elaphus). Europe. Copyright, 1901, by 

 N.Y. Zoological Society. 



tegumentary pad. The knee is below and free from the 

 body, as in monkeys and men. Clavicles are wanting 

 (Fig. 316). The body of the elephant is nearly naked ; 

 but the mammoth, an extinct species, had a covering of 

 long woolly hair. Elephants live in large herds, and 

 subsist on foliage and grass. There are but two living 

 species : the Asiatic, with long head, concave forehead, 

 small ears, and short tusks ; and the African, with round 

 head, convex forehead, large ears, and long tusks. 52 



