VERTEBRATA 



I8 9 



completely covered (Fig. 339). Both pairs of limbs are 

 well developed, the front being prehensile ; but the 

 clavicles are rudimentary. The humerus and femur 

 are mainly inclosed 

 in the body. The 

 digits, never less 

 than four, always 

 have sharp and 

 pointed claws. 53 

 The body is cov- 

 ered with abundant 

 hair. 



Carnivores may 

 be divided accord- 

 ing to the modifica- FIG. 178. Kz&foxtVulpespennsylvanicus). United 



tions of the limbs : States " Co ^^ ht ' ^ OI > b ^ N - Y - Zo lo g ical Societ y 

 a. Pinnigrades, having short feet expanded into webbed 

 paddles for swimming, the hinder ones being bound in 

 with the skin of the tail. -Such are the seals, walrus, 



FIG. 179. Southern sea lion (Otan'a jubata) . Antarctic Ocean. 



and eared seals, or sea lions, b. Plantigrades, in which 

 the whole, or nearly the whole, of the hind foot forms 

 a sole, and rests on the ground. The claws are not 



