196 STRUCTURAL AND SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY 



or other of the canines. Their average size is much 

 greater than that of the monkeys, and they are not 

 so strictly arboreal. In both monkeys and apes the 

 cerebrum covers the cerebellum (Fig. 34O). 56 While 

 in the monkeys the skull is rounded and smooth, that 

 of the apes, especially those coming nearest to man 

 the anthropoid, or long-armed, apes, as gorilla, chim- 

 panzee, orang, and gibbon is characterized by strong 

 crests. Monkeys take a horizontal position ; but the 

 apes assume a semierect attitude, the legs being shorter 

 than the arms. In all the primates but man, the body 

 is clothed with hair, which is generally longest on the 

 back. Several monkeys and apes have a beard, as the 

 howler and orang. 



The orang is the least human of all the anthropoid 



FIG. 191. Skeletons of man, chimpanzee, and orang. 



apes as regards the skeleton, but comes nearest to man 

 in the form of the brain. The chimpanzee approaches 

 man more closely in the character of its cranium and 

 teeth, and the proportional length of the arms. The 



