138 



THE SEX-COMPLEX 



Rarity of 

 glandular 

 herm- 

 aphroditism, 



Evidence 

 of cases 

 reported. 



This classification has been adopted by many subse- 

 quent writers, and it is supported by Blacker and 

 Lawrence 1 , who in 1896 reported the first case of ovi- 

 testis, or combined ovary and testis. These writers 

 investigated the literature up to that date, and came to 

 the conclusion that of the enormous number of supposed 

 cases of what was called ' true hermaphroditism ' there 

 was only one — their own — recorded of the unilateral 

 variety, after the classification of Klebs ; and that 

 there was possibly one — Heppner's 2 , recorded in 1870 — 

 of the bilateral variety, and two — recorded by Schmorl 3 

 and Obolonsky 4 in 1888 — of the lateral. 



The evidence in regard to these, except possibly to 

 Blacker's and Lawrence's, cannot, however, be con- 

 sidered satisfactory, and it has been demolished by 

 Meixner 5 and others. Tuffier and Lapointe 6 , also, in 

 their paper published in 1911 apparently accept only the 

 case of Blacker and Lawrence of those published prior 

 to 1897 ; but they add to this case those of von Salen 7 , 

 Garre 8 , Landau and Pick 9 , and Schickele 10 , all recorded 

 subsequently to Blacker's and Lawrence's paper. 



Pick 11 , in an important paper published in 1914, 

 discusses exhaustively the question of this so-called 

 4 true hermaphroditism ', and comes to the same general 

 conclusions as Tuffier and Lapointe — namely, that all 

 the cases of this variety reported and accepted should 



1 Blacker, G. F., and T. W. P. Lawrence, Obstet. Trans., 1896 

 vol. xxxviii, p. 265. 



2 Heppner, C. L., Reichetfs Archiv., 1870, p. 679. 



3 Schmorl, G., Virchow's Archiv., 1888, vol. cxiii, p. 229. 



4 Obolonsky (No initial in original), Ze.it. f. Heilkunde, 1888, vol. ix, 

 p. 211. 



6 Meixner, K., Zeit.f. Heilkunde, 1905, vol. xxvi, p. 318. 



6 Tuffier, T., and A. Lapointe, Rev. Gynecol., 1911, vol. xvi, p. 209. 



7 Salen, E. von, Verh. d. Deutsch. Path. Ges., 1899, vol. ii, p. 241. 



8 Garre (No initial in original), Deutsch. Med. Woch., 1903, vol. 

 xxxix, p. 77. 



9 Landau, L., and L. Pick, Verh. d. Berl. Med. Gesellsch., 1914, 

 vol. xliv, p. 186. 



10 Schickele, G., Hegar's Beit. z. Gel. u. Gyn&k., 1907, vol. ii, p. 263. 



11 Pick, L., Archiv. f. Milr. Anat., Bonn, 1914, vol. Ixxxiv, p. 119. 



