North American Land Snails 



lengths. The pit is not covered by the reflected inner lip. 

 Diameter, i{ inches. 



Habitat. — Central California coast. 



E. Californiensis, Lea, is nearly globular, thin and banded. 

 It lives in sandy localities near the ocean, burying itself in summer 

 under clumps of rattleweed. There are numerous varieties. 

 Diameter and height, i inch. 



Habitat. — Monterey. 



E. tudiculata, Binney, olive brown, with a wide, dark band 

 in a zone of paler hue, has a rough, indented surface, though the 

 shell is thin. The lip is white and thickened near the pit. Dia- 

 meter, I inch. 



Habitat. — Central and Southern California. 



The Brown-banded Snail (E. rujocinda, Newc), with a 

 narrow girdle, is a low-spired, thin, smooth shell, f inch in 

 diameter. 



Habitat. — Santa Catalina Island. 



Several other western species are described by Professor 

 Keep. 



Genus VALLONIA, Risso 



Shell minute, discoid, of three to four whorls; umbilicus wide 

 open; aperture roundish, with flaring white rim, nearly circular. 



V. pulchella, Miill., deserves mention here because it covers 

 the northern hemisphere, and has colonised some regions south 

 of the equator. It is found in companies, living under bark of 

 trees, fragments of rock, or on the moss of bogs, always away 

 from the light. Its transparency and its minute size make for 

 protection; it is only i inch across. No wonder it lives its 

 life with little molestation. It frequently appears suddenly and 

 in great numbers in places where it was unknown before. In 

 this way, Dr. Stearns found it in his yard in Los Angeles. It is 

 also reported from Utah and other western states. 



Ashmunella rhyssa, Dall., is a low-spired, pitted snail, 

 finely cross-wrinkled, with a white lip that flares, but is constricted 

 just inside the aperture, which has a thickened tooth on its inner 

 wall. Diameter, § inch. 



Habitat. — Mountains of New Mexico. 



A. Levettei, Bid., i-s a thin, shining, transparent, orb-snail. 



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