CHAP. V THE BRAINS OF APES 65 



read my sketch before, honoured me by thinking it advisable 

 to pubHsh, with Mr. Wallace's excellent memoir, some brief 

 extracts from my manuscript. 



While the facts and details of the modifications of 

 animal structure were only known to a few, most 

 of whom, like Charles Darwin, Owen, Huxley, and 

 Flower himself, had been intended for the surgical 

 profession, the ordinary student and the outside 

 world could form no judgment, and were largely 

 without material for learning. It was this want 

 which the system so early begun by Flower in a 

 great measure supplied. 



As an example of the need of illustrating the 

 principles of the then new theory of evolution 

 by facts and objects, may be cited Flower's inter- 

 vention in the celebrated meeting of the British 

 Association at Cambridge in September 1862. 

 Before his appointment to the Hunterian Museum 

 he had made a careful study of the brains of 

 the Quadrumana, which was communicated to the 

 Royal Society, and reprinted in a fuller form in 

 November 1861. These investigations were studied 

 by Huxley. At the British Association meeting of 

 1862 Owen read a paper, in which he maintained, 

 from specimens of the human brain in spirit, and 

 from a cast of the interior of a gorilla's skull, that in 

 man the posterior lobes of the brain overlapped the 

 cerebellum, whereas in the gorilla they did not. 

 He stated also that these characteristics were con- 

 stant, as was also the presence of a portion called 



F 



