204 PART IV. PREPARATORY STAGE. 



(e) Arranging any series of movements with due regard to 

 their easily fitting into one another. 



(/) The elimination of circuitous, haphazard, false, and non- 

 standardised movements. 



(g) The maximum contraction of movements. 



(h) Insofar as practicable, the omission or drastic simplifi- 

 cation or abbreviation of anything frequently recurring. 



(i) The deliberate and methodical elimination from each new 

 or old task of everything which can be dispensed with. 



(/) The encouragement of initial accuracy, leading as it does 

 to an extensive reduction of superfluous movements. ( 124.) 



(k) Paying special attention to the larger and more important 

 aspects, since these render redundant much detail. 



(/) The replacing, where possible, of human labour by labour- 

 saving appliances. 



(m) Such a spatial distribution of individuals, groups, de- 

 partments, furniture, and materials as shall contribute to the 

 most economical collaboration in collective tasks. 



(n) The establishment of a standardised and completely re- 

 corded series of movements for tasks and part tasks, and strict 

 adherence thereto. 



(o) The provision for a periodical re-adaptation and improve- 

 ment of standards. 



6. ECONOMY OF TIME IN MOVEMENTS. The theoretical 

 aim should be to complete the movements necessary within an 

 infinitesimal period of time. 



(a) The determination of the average maximum speed practi- 

 cable for normal and exceptional individuals and circumstances. 



(b) The maximum acceleration of movements. 



(c) The selection of movements, and movement complexes, 

 which allow of highest speeds. 



(d) The elimination, insofar as practicable, of (e.g., cumbrous) 

 movements which are inconsistent with highest speeds. 



(e) The removal of impediments to fullest freedom in move- 

 ment. 



(/) The encouragement , of rapid rhythmic movements. 



(g) Methodical practice to accelerate speed. 



(h} The elimination, or maximal contraction, of pauses be- 

 tween movements and operations. 



(0 Methodical practice to eliminate, or maximally reduce, 

 pauses. 



(/) The systematic utilisation of unavoidable pauses and par- 

 tially free mental energies. 



(K) Planning a contemplated task, or part task, whilst en- 

 gaged on another. 



(/) So organising the work that it can proceed without delays, 

 disturbances, and shorter or longer interruptions. 



(772) Perennial alertness, without being engrossed in one 

 particular. 



