SECTION 25. -INTERIM STATEMENT. 367 



a mass of molecules which move intermittently and with extra- 

 ordinary swiftness. 



193. (C) BALANCED INTERIM STATEMENT. The 

 ideal consummation of an enquiry would be to satisfy fairly 

 the requirements of the table of Primary Categories. The 

 enquiry would lay bare the broadest general facts or leading 

 differentiae relating to the phenomenon, together with its more 

 important subsidiary laws or secondary aspects. lit would yield 

 the precise static and dynamic constituents, as well as the 

 causal connections and the relevant accompanying phenomena. 

 It would determine the precise degree and nature of the pheno- 

 menon's chief resemblances to other phenomena, the compara- 

 tive position occupied among related phenomena, and would 

 irreproachably classify, and subordinate to larger generalisations, 

 the facts and conclusions arrived at. The final statement, as 

 distinct from the interim statement, should also allow for the 

 precise utilisation, application, reproduction, value, quality, 

 appreciation, and, if possible, desire, liking, preference, love, 

 and enjoyment of the phenomenon. Furthermore, the principal 

 modal aspects of the phenomenon relative to quantity, time, 

 space, consciousness, degree, state, change, and personal equa- 

 tion, should be furnished. Should such a consummation be 

 unattainable, we ought yet to provide that an enquiry, when 

 concluded, approaches this ideal as nearly as circumstances 

 permit. 



We will venture on an illustration. Let the subject of the 

 enquiry be the nature of bodily pain. We may reach the con- 

 clusion that the so-called sensation of pain is not the pain itself, 

 that pain (or pleasure) is not the invariable motive of action; 

 that men shun acute pain and therefore poverty and misery 

 which engender it; that we do not and cannot as a rule sum 

 or remember pain, and that some persons are more susceptible 

 than others to pain. If these conclusions alone are established, 

 we ought frankly to confess that we only offer a miscellaneous 

 assortment of important statements which do not inform us as 

 to the nature of bodily pain. 



A balanced final statement, free from marginal reasoning, 

 would, initially, contain the solution of the central problem 

 that is, in this connection, inform us concerning the nature or 

 fundamental differentia of bodily pain. It might assert the 

 existence of (a) appreciable injury, direct or indirect, to some 

 portion of the sensitive parts of the body; (b) sensations aris- 

 ing out of that injury; (c) a simultaneous central nervous 

 disturbance at first exciting and then depressing, leading to 

 (d) instinctive or deliberate attempts, or to both, to allay the 

 disturbance or to remove its cause. Now inasmuch as an injury, 

 and the sensations connected therewith, may normally exist 

 without involving pain (as when we fix the attention sharply 

 on the persisting sensation), these cannot be the pain, and since 



