82 PTERYLOGRAPHY. 



graphically by its very narrow main tracts, from which the dilated portion of the pectoral tract is 

 separated at the end for a considerable distance. The saddle is of an elongated rhombic form, 

 rather more obtuse behind, where it encloses the small elliptical space. Nineteen remiges, the 

 first scarcely half as long as the second, which is also notably abbreviated ; the third as long as 

 the fifth, and the fourth a little longer than either of them. The lateral neck-space reaches 

 almost to the head, and is covered with down-feathers. 



B. With ten rectrices. 



Edolius. Pterylosis as in the Lanii ; that is to say, the pectoral band broad, scarcely 

 separated at the end, and the saddle distinctly rhombic, but still somewhat different, inasmuch as 

 this saddle has no space in E. puella (Irene HORSF.), whilst there is a space in E. criniim and 

 bilobus. In the latter it is of very small size, and resembles the structure in Drymophila ; in the 

 former, on the contrary, it occupies the whole length of the saddle. All have nineteen remiges, 

 of which the first is about half as long as the second, which is equal to the eighth, whilst the 

 third is but little [shorter than the fourth, which, either alone (E. puella} or with the fifth 

 (E. bilobus, crinitus, malabaricus), is the longest. I found in all of these the above-mentioned 

 number of rectrices; but this has already been remarked by Lesson ('Manuel d'Ornithol.,' i, 

 p. 148). The peculiar, long, bristle-like frontal feathers, furnished, however, with weak barbs, which 

 occur in E. crinitus TEMM., are particularly remarkable, and appear, as in Trichophorus, to be 

 filoplumes. 



8. SUBULIROSTRES SCU 



This group, probably the most numerous in species of all the sections of Passerinse, exhibits 

 very little difference in the form of its pterylosis, as I have found in nearly all the species examined 

 by me an undivided rhombic saddle and a dilatation of the pectoral tract furnished with an outer 

 branch, which is usually more or less separated at the end, rarely truncated; half free only in 

 Grallina and Menura (Plate III, fig. 11), the only examples of this structure among the Passerinae. 

 Sylvia turdoides exhibits a longitudinal space in the saddle, which, however, is set with two rows 

 of sparse contour- feathers, and probably occurs also in the other Reed Warblers. All of them have 

 twelve rectrices, except the male Menura, which has sixteen. Most of them possess nineteen remiges ; 

 but three groups, viz., Anthus, Motacilla, and HylqpM/tsTKMW.., have constantly only eighteen, the 

 first primary, which is always much abbreviated, being here entirely wanting. On the other hand, 

 Menura possesses twenty-one remiges, the largest number occurring in this group. The most 

 natural grouping of the numerous genera appears to be in accordance with the structure of the 

 wings. Thus I find either 



1 . Long acute wings, of w/tic/i the second, third, fourth, and fifth remiges are the longest ; 

 and then 



a. Nineteen remises, in the genera 



