COLDSTREAM TO HAWICK. 169 



the greater part of tlie fat and other stock reared in 

 the neighbourhood is sold. 



The store sales in spring and autumn are in a measure 

 a transfer of yearlings from the hill to the arable far- 

 mers ; but the hill breeding is not on an extensive 

 scale, and the supplies are principally from England 

 and Ireland, and from Red Water and the West 

 Country between Jed and Liddesdale. Kelso and 

 the Eood Day Fair at Jedburgh both help to fill the 

 yards with two and three-year-olds, principally short- 

 horns, in September, which are gradually sold off 

 from December to May, either privately or at local 

 sales to dealers, who take them to Leeds, Manchester, 

 Newcastle, and the South. The turnip crop has in- 

 creased twenty-fold in as many years in Roxburgh- 

 shire, and the number of cattle fed in a very large 

 proportion, whereas it once sent its stores to the 

 south. Finger-and-toe bears heavy on the mangels, 

 and East Lothian is relied on for potatoes. 



The late Mr. Andrew Oliver also began the public 

 wool sales before 1840. They were the earliest in 

 Scotland, but not exactly on the Girdwood system. 

 Catalogues of clips were published, and buyers went 

 round and examined them, and then met at Hawick 

 or Jedburgh and bid. Now the wool is warehoused, 

 and there are three or four sales, a year. The stock 

 sales, which began about this time, were at first a 

 mere name ; and now Mr. Oliver sells as many sheep 

 and cattle weekly as he did monthly, even when the 

 neighbourhood warmed to the scheme. Inde- 



