52 THE FLORA OF NEBRASKA. 



Parasitic on Mucor mucedoand Ascophora mucedo. I have found it but once 



—at Lincoln in 1S88 on an onion with Ascophora mucedo. PL XIV., 



Fig. 6, a. 

 [C. jonesii (Berk. & Br.) Fres., distinguished by its larger conidia with finely 



echinate exospore, blue in mass, grows on dung with other Mucoraceae. 



It has been reported from North America, and ought to be found here.] 



Family.-ENTOMOPHTHORACEAE.* 



"Mycelium mostly parasitic on living animals (insects), more rarely on plants, 01 

 saprophytic, richly branched, often falling apart in bits, at first unicellular. Asexual 

 reproduction by conidia, which are produced singly on the ends of unbranched threads 

 growing up out of the substratum, and at maturity are absected; without special, stalked 

 conidiophores. Zygospores on the mycelium."— (A. Fischer, in Rabh. Krypt. Flor.) 



A small group, chiefly parasitic on insects, containing 5 genera and about 40 species. 

 The resting spores, which are either zygospores or azygospores, as in the Mucoraceae. 

 point to some relationship with that group. The two groups are for that reason usually 

 placed near together by systematic writers. However, they do not seem to have any im- 

 mediate connection. 



1. EXTOMOPHTHORA Fresenius Bot. Zeit. XIV., 883. 1856. 



Empusa Cohn Nov. Act. Acad. Caesar. Leopol. Carol. XXV., L, 317. 1855. (Ex 

 Winter), not Empusa Lindley, 182i=Liparis Rich. 

 Parasitic on insects; the characters of the family. 

 Etymology: Greek evrofiog, insect, and <i>dop>/, death. 

 Empusa Cohn, the name adopted by Berlese & DeToni in the Sylloge Fungorum 

 and by Thaxter in his Entomophthoraceae of the United States, must be 

 rejected on account of the older Empusa Lindley, one of the orchids, in 

 accordance with the Rochester Rules. 

 The name Entomophthora was formerly restricted to the conidial stage of 

 these fungi, the resting spore stage being placed in a genus Tarichium. 



Entomophthora muscae (Fries.) Fres. 1. c. 



(?) Sporodonema muscae Fr. Syst. Mycolog. III., 435. 1829. 

 Empusa muscae Cohn 1. c. 



Conidia bell-shaped or nearly spherical, with a broad subtruncate base and 

 sharply pointed apex; 18-25x20 30 //; containing usually a single large oil 

 globule, and surrounded after discharge with a mass of protoplasm. 

 Conidiophores simple, broad and stout, tapering gradually to a narrow 

 base; emerging in white rings between the segments of the host, without 

 coalescing over its body. Secondary conidia like the primary, or more 

 commonly subovoid, small, rounded at the apex and formed by direct 

 budding from the primary form. Resting spores, azygospores, produced 

 laterally or terminally from hyphae within the host; spherical, colorless, 

 30-50 // in diameter. (Winter.) Host attached to substratum by pro- 

 boscis.— (Thaxter.) 



On house flies.— Musca domestica. Very common in the winter, when the flies 

 affected may be found attached to the walls and ceiling indoors. PL XV., 

 Fig. 2, a. 



The resting spores, described by Winter in Rabh. Krypt. Flor. v. Deutschl., 

 etc., have not been observed in this country. 



*By Roscoe Pound. 



