94 Cellulose 



under the more special term lignin, in recognition of its, or 

 their, well-defined individuality. 



This view will be found inconsistent with the results of the 

 systematic investigation of this particular fibre-substance, as 

 indeed of the Signified celluloses' generally. They are 

 found to be very uniform in composition ; the cellulose 

 and non-cellulose are in intimate combination, resisting severe 

 hydrolytic treatment ; and in a large number of reactions the 

 typical characteristics of the celluloses are preserved. Therefore 

 the substantive term Cellulose is used in describing them, with 

 the addition of the adjective or qualifying prefix. Where we 

 have to speak of the non-cellulose-x:omplex we shall use the 

 term lignone, indicating thereby its ketonic characteristics. 



We may sum up these outlines of the constitutional 

 features of the jute fibre-substance in a general diagram : 



L ignocellulose. 



Cellulose Lignone (non-cellulose) 



Cellulose a Cellulose J8 Furfural-yielding Keto R. hexenc 



Containing Containing complex group 



oxidised groups O.CH J groups and secondary constituents 



O.CH 3 and CH,CO 

 groups residue 



With this preliminary general survey in view, the experi- 

 mental treatment of the subject matter will be more readily 

 appreciated in its bearings upon the constitutional problem. 



Methods of Quantitative Estimation of Constituent 

 Groups. The groups above described may be regarded as 

 the proximate constituents of the fibre-substances, and they 

 may be quantitatively estimated by particular methods of 

 proximate resolution, which must be described in some detail. 



(i) CELLULOSE. Chlorination method. For the elimina- 

 tion of the non-cellulose, by conversion into soluble derivatives, 

 various methods are available. One method only gives maxi- 



