JUDGING THE DAIRY TYPE OF CATTLE 283 



Fig. 155. "Prominence of spine would imply a good development of 

 spinal cord, and consequently much nervous force." 



point of view we have no evidence to demonstrate that 

 either temperament or disposition among cattle is affected 

 by much other than environment, and it may seriously be 

 questioned if there be any essential difference in actual 

 temperament, as based on type or conformation. Dairy 

 cattle judges, however, generally emphasize the so-called 

 temperament and will, no doubt, do so for some time to 

 come. Disposition, as an independent feature, is intended 

 to apply to certain mental qualities, such as quiet and 

 kindly, or irritable and cross, or whether an animal is a 

 kicker or hooker, etc. Therefore, in judging temperament, 

 the conformation must largely be the guide, while disposi- 

 tion will be manifested, partly in the eye, and partly in 

 the movements and attitudes of body. 



The head and neck of the dairy cow show a much more 

 lean make-up than occurs with the beef animal. The head 

 should be lean as a whole, but while beef cattlemen gen- 



