THE MORE IMPORTANT DAIRY BREEDS 333 



PARTS DESCRIPTION 



Neck Long; fine and clean at juncture with the head; 

 free from dewlap; evenly and smoothly joined to 

 shoulders. (Discredit, vs %, s %, m l /2, vm fa, e 1.) 4 



Shoulders Slightly lower than the hips; fine and even 

 over tops; moderately broad and full at sides. (Dis- 

 credit, vs %, s %, m %, vm %, e 1.) ...... 3 



Chest Of moderate depth and lowness; smooth and mod- 

 erately full in the brisket; full in the foreflanks 

 (or through the heart). (Discredit, vs %, a l /2, m 1, 

 vm 1V 2 , e 2.) ................ 6 



Crops Moderately full. (Discredit, vs 1 /4, s J4, m fa, 



vm iy 2 , e 2.) ................ 2 



Chine Straight; strong; broadly developed, with open 



vertebrce. (Discredit, vs %, s %, m %, vm %, e 1.) 6 



Barrel Long ; of wedge shape ; well rounded ; with a large 

 abdomen, trimly held up (in judging the last item 

 age must be considered). (Discredit, vs %, s %, 

 m J / 2 , vm %, e 1.) .............. 7 



Loin and Hips Broad; level or nearly level between the 

 hook-bones; level and strong laterally; spreading 

 from chine broadly and nearly level; hook-bones 

 fairly prominent. (Discredit, vs %, s %, m y 2 , 

 vm %, e 1.) ................ 6 



Bump Long; high; broad with roomy pelvis; nearly level 

 laterally; comparatively full above the thurl; carried 

 out straight to dropping of tail. (Discredit, vs %, 

 s i/4, m ^2, vm %, e 1.) .............. 6 



Thurl High; broad. (Discredit, vs %, s %, m 1, vm 1%, 



e 2.) .................... 3 



Quarters Deep; straight behind; twist filled with devel- 

 opment of udder; wide and moderately full at the 

 sides. (Discredit, vs %, s 1 A, m %, vm %, e 1.) 4 



Flanks Deep; comparatively full. (Discredit, vs %, 



s %, m l / 2 , vm fa, e 1.) ............ 2 



Legs Comparatively short; clean and nearly straight; 

 wide apart; firmly and squarely set under the body; 

 feet of medium size, round, solid and deep. (Dis- 

 credit, vs %, s 14, m %, vm %, e 1.) ...... 4 



Tail Large at base, the setting well back ; tapering finely 

 to switch ; the end of the bone reaching to hocks or 

 below; the switch full. (Discredit, s %, m %, e %.) 2 



Hair and Handling Hair healthful in appearance; fine, 

 soft and furry ; the skin of medium thickness and 

 loose; mellow under the hand; the secretions oily, 

 abundant and of a rich brown or yellow color. (Dis- 

 credit, vs 1 / 4, s Vz, m 1, vm l l / 2 , e 2.) ...... 8 



Mammary Veins Very large; very crooked (age must be 

 taken into consideration in judging of size and crook- 

 edness) ; entering very large or numerous orifices; 

 double extension; with special developments, such as 

 branches, connections, etc. (Discredit, vs %, s %, 

 m 1, vm l*/2, e 2.) .............. 10 



Udder Very capacious; very flexible; quarters even; 

 nearly filling the space in the rear below the twist, 

 extending well forward in the front; broad and well 

 held up. (Discredit, vs K, s V 2 , m 1, vm 1^, e 2.) 12 



