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JUDGING FARM ANIMALS 



Fig. 195. A French-Canadian cow. First prize at Virginia State Fair. 



spare of condition. The head is rather plain, with moder- 

 ate-sized, incurving horns. The milk-producing capacity 

 of the cows is rated at about 5,000 pounds as a standard. 

 The milk tests slightly above 4 per cent fat. The skin is 

 mellow and is notable for its rich yellow color. 



The Brown Swiss breed of cattle originated in Switzer- 

 land. It has been officially declared a dairy type by the 

 American Brown Swiss Cattle Association, but the Swiss 

 breeders give it the recognition customarily accorded dual- 

 purpose cattle. The color is usually a dark brown, with 

 mealy or creamy coloring of hair about the muzzle, the 

 udder, inside the legs, and sometimes along over the back- 

 bone. The horns have very dark tips, and the hoofs are 

 black. The tongue and flesh at nose should be very dark, 

 approaching black. This is a large breed, and mature bulls 

 weigh 1,800 to 2,000 pounds, and cows 1,300 to 1,400 pounds. 

 The conformation is essentially that of the dual-purpose 



